Module 4 - Sherpath

Question 1

Which patients would the nurse identify as being at risk for respiratory acidosis secondary to impaired gas exchange?

Answer 1

• patient experiencing an asthma attack
• a patient diagnosed with guillain-barre syndrome
• a patient who is 2 hours postoperative for thoracic surgery

Question 2

which conditions in a medical history would the nurse identify as a risk factor for metabolic acidosis

Answer 2

• type 1 diabetes
• sepsis

Question 3

Which ABG data would the nurse identify as supporting the diagnosis of metabolic alkalosis in a patient admitted with dehydration and lethargy?

Answer 3

• increased pH
• increased bicarbonate

Question 4

Which acid-base imbalance would the nurse anticipate in a patient after a motor vehicle accident in which the steering wheel hit the patient’s chest and trapped the patient in the car until rescue workers arrived?

Answer 4

respiratory acidosis

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a patient who fell and is receiving treatment for a fractured arm. The nurse reviews the patient’s laboratory results, which indicate an elevated pH and a decreased PaCO2. Which condition is the patient experiencing based on the current data?

Answer 5

respiratory alkalosis

Question 6

Which data in the medical history of a patient who is awake, but lethargic, and taking rapid, deep breaths would the nurse suspect as the cause of the following laboratory values: pH 7.31, PaO2 59.2 mm Hg, PaCO2 38.6 mm Hg, HCO3– 17.5 mEq/L, and oxygen saturation 88%?

Answer 6

Diabetes mellitus

Question 7

Which change in respiratory pattern observed in a type I diabetic patient with metabolic acidosis indicates to the nurse that compensation is occurring?

Answer 7

kussmaul respirations

Question 8

A urinalysis is performed for a patient with suspected dehydration. The nurse recognizes that which urinalysis result correlates with fluid volume deficit?

Answer 8

elevated specific gravity

Question 9

A patient has a standard creatinine clearance test ordered. Which information would the nurse include when teaching a patient about the test?

Answer 9

• it is a 24 hour urine collection
• all urine must be collected during the designated time period once the test start

Question 10

Which conditions are general risk factors for developing urinary incontinence?

Answer 10

• older age
• immobility
• pregnancy

Question 11

Which potential cause of kidney failure is prerenal?

Answer 11

• low cardiac output