Module 14

Question 1

Define Holodomor

Answer 1

Holodomor refers to the starvation of millions of Ukrainians in 1932-1933 as a result of Soviet policies.

Question 2

Define Gulags

Answer 2

A system of Soviet labor camps and detention and transit camps and prisons.

Question 3

Define Lebensraum

Answer 3

The Nazi’s belief that a state or territory is necessary to take over for the German’s natural development.

Question 4

Define Anschluss

Answer 4

Refers to the annexation of Austria in 1938 where the German army invaded Austria.

Question 5

Define Appeasement

Answer 5

Appeasement was the name given to Britain’s policy in the 1930s of allowing Hitler to expand German territory unchecked.

Question 6

Define Blitzkrieg

Answer 6

A German word meaning “Lightning War” and was Germany’s strategy to avoid a long war and was a method of offensive warfare designed to strike a swift and focused blow at an enemy.

Question 7

Define Luftwaffe

Answer 7

The German armed forces tasked with the air defense of Germany and fulfillment of the country’s airpower.

Question 8

Define Blitz

Answer 8

When Hitler was unsuccessful in destroying the Royal Air Force, he shifted his emphasis to rapid nighttime bombing attacks. However the British already had air raid shelters, early warning systems, evacuation plans, and the Underground subway system that was a useful shelter from bombs. Occurred from September 1940-May 1941.

Question 9

Define Tripartite Pact

Answer 9

The expansionist dictatorships of Germany, Italy, and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact that committed them to declare war on any country that joined the war against them. The purpose of the pact was to prevent the United States from interfering with the war and the conquest of the Axis (a pact between Berlin, Rome, and Tokyo). Occured September 1940.

Question 10

Define Operation Barbarossa

Answer 10

Operation Barbarossa, original name Operation Fritz, during World War II, code name for the German invasion of the Soviet Union, and occurred from June 1941- December 1941.

Question 11

Define Lend-Lease.

Answer 11

On March 11, 1941, the United States passed the Lend-Lease policy in which equipment made in the United States could be loaned to Allied countries at war without charging them as long as the equipment was later returned.

Question 12

Define Tunisia Campaign

Answer 12

The campaign lasted from November 17, 1942 through May 13, 1943. It provided allies with “toe hold” because the allies were able to grind their way across the front after having victories in the Mediterranean and Stalingrad months earlier. The Germans suffered heavy losses while the allied powers took the offensive.

Question 13

Define Siege of Stalingrad

Answer 13

Hitler’s goal in heading south from Moscow was to take over the oil-rich Caucasus to use their resources after the US and Britian bombed the Nazi’s fuel facilities. Since the Germans weren’t able to use their technological and maneuver advantages in urban fighting and the Soviets were able to build massive counter-attack forces, the Germans had to pull back to Stalingrad until they ultimately lost 300,000 men. Occurred August 1942- February 1943

Question 14

Define Tehran Conference

Answer 14

For the first time, this meeting brought together President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston S. Churchill of the United Kingdom, and General Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party Joseph Stalin. The three leaders coordinated together the war measures of the allies to liberate Western Europe beginning in 1944.

Question 15

Define Yalta Conference

Answer 15

At the Yalta Conference, Prime Minister Winston S. Churchill (United Kingdom), President Franklin D. Roosevelt (United States), and General Secretary of the Communist Party Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union) came together to discuss the postwar settlements in Europe and the continuing war against Japan. Occurred February 1945

Question 16

Define Potsdam Declaration

Answer 16

The Potsdam Declaration defined the terms of Japan’s surrender. Occurred July 1945

Question 17

Define D-Day.

Answer 17

D-Day was the name given to the June 6, 1944, invasion of the beaches at Normandy in northern France by troops from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and other countries during World War II. Historians often refer to D-Day as the beginning of the end of World War II.

Question 18

Define VE Day.

Answer 18

On Victory in Europe Day, or V-E Day, Germany unconditionally surrendered its military forces to the Allies, including the United States. Occurred May 1945

Question 19

Define Nuremberg Trials.

Answer 19

The International Military Tribunal was held in Nuremberg, Germany and included judges from the United States, Great Britain, Soviet Union, and France. These trials put the most important leaders of the Third Reich on trial. These major war criminals were sentenced October 1, 1946 and were either sentenced to death, acquitted, or received life sentences.

Question 20

Define The Peace Preservation Law

Answer 20

Was a Japanese law enacted on April 22, 1925, with the aim of allowing the Special Higher Police to more effectively suppress socialists and communists.

Question 21

Define Hirohito.

Answer 21

The Prime Minister of Japan during much of World War II. Hirohito was emperor of Japan during World War II and is Japan’s longest-serving monarch in history

Question 22

Define The Battle of Midway

Answer 22

Was an epic WWII clash between the U.S. Navy and the Imperial Japanese Navy that played out six months after the attack on Pearl Harbor. Occurred June 1942.

Question 23

Define Kamikaze

Answer 23

Suicide bombing tactic used by the Empire of Japan during World War II, in which a pilot would deliberately crash an explosives-laden plane into an enemy warship.

Question 24

Define “Jewel Voice Broadcast”

Answer 24

On August 15, 1945, Japanese Emperor Hirohito announced the surrender of Japan to his people in the “Jewel Voice Broadcast,”

Question 25

Define VJ Day

Answer 25

V-J Day, or Victory over Japan Day, marks the end of World War II, one of the deadliest and most destructive wars in history. When President Harry S. Truman announced on Aug. 14, 1945, that Japan had surrendered unconditionally, war-weary citizens around the world erupted in celebration.

Question 26

Define Nuremberg Laws.

Answer 26

The Nazi regime’s Nuremberg Race Laws of September 1935 made Jews legally different from their non-Jewish neighbors.

Question 27

Define the Final Solution.

Answer 27

The Final Solution or the Final Solution to the Jewish Question was a Nazi plan for the genocide of individuals they defined as Jews during World War II.

Question 28

Define Kodo

Answer 28

Official policy promoted in government, media, taught in schools. Was the imperial way in Japan.