Module 11 Flashcards
what is gas hydrate?
A solid hydrocarbon trapped within molecules of ice in the form of methane , propane or CO2. Referred to as Clathrate
How much carbon does gas hydrates contain?
More than any other hydrocarbon resource
Properties of gas hydrates include what? and where do they occur?
Stable at high pressures and low temperatures. Occur in shallow arctic sediments (permafrost), in deep oceanic deposits and in some lakes
Where may gas hydrates be found?
Among the Arctic, the Mackenzie River Delta
Is shale gas a variety of naturally occurring gas? that occurs in very fine - grained sedimentary rocks such as shale?
yes
define oil shale
a fine grained sedimentary rock containing organic matter (kerogen) that yields oil and combustible gas
Kerogen is ….?
a solid HC and the primary source material of oil and gas (“proto-petroleum”). It differs chemically from crude oil in its high content of oxygen and nitrogen
How much OOIP does the Green River lacustrine shale contain?
more than 1.7B
True or False. Canada and Venezuela have the largest known deposits of oil sands and are both of Cretaceous age
True
Where are the three major areas in AB for oil sands
Athabasca, Peace River and Cold Lake (known as Alberta’s Carbonate Triangle). they contain ~1.7Trillion bbl of oil in place and ~173B is recoverable
Open pit mining is limited to what depth (before in-situ methods like steam injection must take place)
The oil sand reserves occur primarily in which group?
The Upper and Lower Mannville (73%)
How does heavy oil vary from bitumen?
usually less viscous and usually contains less sulphur
what does coking do?
removes carbon in a process known as carbonization and is the first stage to upgrade heavy oil
What does hydrocracking do?
Adds hydrogen to the heavy oil to upgrade it
