Mod 1 Quizzes Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is damaged when there is damage to the structural support of the neuron?

A

cytoskeleton

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2
Q

Which structure increases the surface area of the part of the neuron that transmits signals TOWARD the cell body?

A

dendritic spines

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3
Q

Which cell is responsible for myelination of axons of spinal nerves?

A

schwann cell

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4
Q

Which letter on the diagram to the right indicates the postsynaptic potential which makes it MORE LIKELY that an action potential will occur?

A

A

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5
Q

Which of the following is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

A

GABA

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6
Q

A patient had damage to the area surrounding the spinal cord. She has lost sensation of the area damaged. Which structure was affected?

A

dorsal roots

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7
Q

The ventral grey column contains:

A

motor neurons and interneurons

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8
Q

Which arteries give rise to the anterior and posterior spinal arteries?

A

vertebral arteries

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9
Q

The lobe of the brain that surrounds the corpus callosum and diencephalon on the medial aspect of the cerebral cortex is:

A

the limbic lobe

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10
Q

Which of the following is the largest group of commissural fibers?

A

corpus callosum, which connects the two hemispheres

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11
Q

Spinal nerves can be impinged as they exit the vertebral column if there is narrowing of which of the following?

A

inervertebral foramina

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12
Q

A column of white matter bounded by sulci and fissures within the spinal cord is called a:

A

funiculus

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13
Q

Which arteries give rise to the anterior and posterior spinal arteries?

A

vertebral arteries

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14
Q

The lobe that forms the floor of the lateral sulcus is:

A

the insula

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15
Q

The internal capsule is the most prominent group of projection fibers, meaning that they do which of the following?

A

connect higher levels of the cerebral hemisphere to lower levels on the same side

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16
Q

CSF flows under which of the following layers?

A

arachnoid mater

17
Q

Which of the following spaces contain venous blood?

A

dural sinuses

18
Q

The CSF flows into the blood through which structure?

A

arachnoid granulations

19
Q

80% of cerebral blood flow comes from ______ and 20% comes from _______.

A

Internal carotid artery, vertebral arteries

20
Q

The posterior cerebral arteries are formed by which?

A

basilar artery

21
Q

The term leptomeninges refers to which of the following?

A

The arachnoid mater and the pia mater

22
Q

Which of the following spaces contain CSF?

A

ventricles of the brain
subarachnoid space
arachnoid cisterns

23
Q

The CSF is manufactured by which structure?

A

choroid plexus

24
Q

The posterior cerebral arteries are formed by which?

A

basilar artery

25
Q

Damage to the reticular formation could cause which of the following?

A

abnormal control of consiousness

26
Q

The pyramidal decussation is the location of which of the following?

A

crossing of motor tracts

27
Q

If a patient has damage to the brainstem, which of the following cranial nerves will definitely be spared?

A

CN I, olfactory nerve

28
Q

Which of the following nerves control eye movements?

A

CN III
CN VI
CN IV

29
Q

A baby is born with a mass in the lower sacral area and there is suspicion of a neural tube defect. Which of the following deficits is most likely if the spinal cord structures are involved?

A

Sensory and motor deficits in the lower extremities bilaterally

30
Q

During the action potential, depolarization occurs when which of the following occur?

A

Na flows into the cell

31
Q

A patient has a condition which causes insufficient levels of the neurotransmitter GABA in the brain. Knowing the usual role of GABA, what signs would you expect from its deficiency?

A

Overfiring of neurons causing conditions such as seizures or spasticity

32
Q

A patient has a condition in which his anterior funiculus is damaged. This will affect which of the following signals?

A

Sensory and motor signals

33
Q

A patient demonstrates weakness of four extraocular muscles of the left eye. As the student examines the patient, she also expects to find which of the following?

A

Left pupillary dilation

34
Q

As a student examines a patient’s cranial nerves, she finds that the patient is unable to identify objects in the temporal visual fields. Which nerve is affected?

A

CN I