Mitosis And Cell Cycle

Question 1

What happens during S phase?

Answer 1

Cell replicates DNA ready for mitosis

Question 2

What is G1 phase? What is G2 phase?

Answer 2

Cell grows, in G2 proteins needed for mitosis made.

Question 3

What is the order of mitosis?

Answer 3

Interphase

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 4

What happens in prophase?

Answer 4

Chromosomes condense and get shorter
Centrioles move to opposite poles
Spindle fibres form
Nuclear envelope breaks open and chromosomes free

Question 5

What happens in metaphase?

Answer 5

Chromosomes line up along the equator

Attached to spindle fibres by centromere

Question 6

What is anaphase?

Answer 6

Centromeres divide and separate sister chromatids

Spindles contract and pull chromatids to opposite poles

Question 7

What is telophase?

Answer 7

Chromatids uncoil. Long thin chromosomes again
Two nuclear envelopes reform
Cytoplasm divides

Question 8

What is interphase?

Answer 8

Cell carries out normal functions and prepares to divide. DNA unravels and replicates. ATP content is increased

Question 9

What is mitotic index?

Answer 9

The percent of cells with visible chromosomes

Question 10

How is cancer caused?

Answer 10

A mutation in a gene, divides out of control into a tumour.

Question 11

How can cancer be treated?

Answer 11

Disrupt cell cycle - also kills healthy cells. Chemo - Prevent enzyme synthesis, no DNA replication
Radiation - damage DNA, does