mitocondriile si plastidele Flashcards

1
Q

mitocondriile

A

sunt prezente in toate celulele eucariote
mai numeroase in celulele cu activitate intensa(ex: fibrele muschilor,celulele hepatice)
se multiplica prin diviziune

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2
Q

structura mitocondriilor

A

membrana dubla
cea interna formeaza prin pliere numeroase crise care contin enzime ce contribuie la procesele metabolice celulare
in int matrix

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3
Q

rol mitocondriilor

A

respiratia celulara(centralele energetice)
sinteza proteinelor si lipidelor
transportul diversilor ioni

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4
Q

respiratia celulara

A

toate procesele biochimice din citoplasma care duc la eliberarea de energie

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5
Q

formula?

A

C6H12O6+6O6===>6CO2+6H2O+ATP

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6
Q

primul pas

A

anaerob
in citoplasma,lipidele si glucidele oxideaza in compusi mai simpli(acid piruvic)

1 mol glucoza====>2 moli acid piruvic + 2 moli ATP

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7
Q

al doilea pas

A

aerob
acid piruvic + O2========> CO2+H2O

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8
Q

plastidele

A

tipice celulelor vegetale
trei tipuri:
leucoplaste
cromoplaste
cloroplaste

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9
Q

leucoplastele

A

nu au pigmenti
rol in depozitarea anumitor substante
amidon(amiloplaste)
lipide(oleoplaste)
proteine(proteoplaste)

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10
Q

cromoplastele

A

confera culoare plantei(pigmenti carotenoizi)

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11
Q

cloroplastele

A

contin pigmenti verzi(clorofilieni)
absorb radiatiile luminoase si convertesc energia luminoasa in energia chimica

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12
Q

formula fotosintezei

A

CO2+H2O========> glucoza+O2
lumina
clorofila

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13
Q

structura cloroplastului

A

membrana dubla ,permeabila pentru O2,
in int se afla STROMA
membrana dubla: in ext e neteda
in int se pliaza si apar TILACOIDELE(grana cu tilacoide)
in int se afla pigmenti clorofilieni

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