Missed on Tests Flashcards
Describe Reisburg’s Dementia Scale
Stage 1: No disability noted
Stage 2: Person complains about forgetting normal age related information-keys, wallet
Stage 3: Beginning signs and deficits are noted
Stage 4: Deficits noted in all IADL
Stage 5: Person cannot function independently
Stage 6: Person cannot perform ADL without cues
Stage 7: Person can be in a vegetative state. Usually bed-bound and unable to respond verbally/non-verbally to questions or commands.
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What are a sphygmomanometer or vigorometer used for?
Grip strength for person with arthritis.
What is diplegia?
Paralysis of like parts on either side of the body.
Describe Erb’s palsy and treatment.
Injury to the 5th and 6th brachial plexus roots. Arm hangs limp with shoulder rotated inward due to atrophy and paralysis in the biceps, deltoid, brachialis, and brachioradialis muscles. Elbow lock splint stabilizes the elbow to enable the individual to position the and closer to or away from the body for functional use. Flail arm splint is for injury to brachial plexus C5-T1 resulting in whole upper extremity involvement. Provides needed stability at both shoulder and elbow for functional hand positioning. FIgure of eight splint is used for a combined median ulnar nerve injury and to prevent MP hyperextension. Deltoid sling used for upper extremity muscle weakness.
Describe Klumpke’s palsy and treatment.
Paralysis of the lower brachial plexus including C7 and C8 and T1 nerves. Results in paralysis of hand and wrist often with ipsilateral Horner’s syndrome. Hand is limp and fingers do not move.
Describe Spina Bifida
Lesions usually in T or L levels of spine. Spina bifida occulta-bony malformation with separation of vertebral arches of one or more vertebrae with no external manifestations, usually no symptoms but may be slight bowel and bladder, gait, (slight instability or neuromuscular impairments). Occult spinal dysraphism is when a hemangioma, patch of hair, dermal sinus, fatty benign tumor or dimple cover the site. Could result in spinal cord being split or being tied down and tethered leading to neurological damage and developmental abnormality with growth.
Spina bifida cystica-an exposed pouch comprised of spinal cord and meninges. Spinal cord not included in bulge-meningocele. Slight problems with bowels, bladder, instability, gait.
Myelomeningocele does contain spinal cord or nerve roots., most common in lumbar. Sensory and motor deficits below the level of lesion, may be lower extremity paralysis and/or deformities, bowel and bladder incontinence, DVT, decubitus ulcers
What is tethered cord syndrome?
Tail end of spinal cord when cord is stretched as result of compression, being trapped with fatty mass or scar tissue, developmental abnormality or an injury.
