Milgram Study Flashcards
1
Q
backround of Milgram
A
- During WW2 Milgram wanted to research like if Germans has the same mindset as Americans due to the war and HIlter (people followed Hilter being blindly obedient), nazi program was followed by all germans all think alike
- Wanted to see if the american were the same as the germans and how they thought
- Milgram asked all psychologists how many people would go up to 450V in the experiments
2
Q
Method of Milgram
A
- Milgram (person with authority) a teacher and a learner were set in a lab controlled experiment, teacher and learner were selected and learner went into a different room and had to learn to match cards, if got wrong he got electric shocked, everytime he got shocked the volts went up from 15V to 450V.
- Teacher had to press button the electric shock
- person with authority had to make sure that the experiment continued no matter what
- person kept getting answer wrong and got electric shock until they thought dead
- recorded with notes, vidoes, photos
3
Q
sample/participants in milgram
A
- Selected by volunteering by putting up posters to people from new Haven in america
- were paid $4.50 for the experiment
- androcentric (only male)
- 20-50 aged
- 40 people who volunteered
4
Q
materials/apparatus of milgram
A
- electric shock generator
chair - two rooms
- word pairing (learning cards)
- volt metre
- straws they knew who was teacher and learner
5
Q
procedure in milgram
A
- two people walked through the door and drew a straw one was a teacher and learner
- learner started learning cards
- test started
- learner had to learn matching words if not got electric shocked, started off at 15V and went up to 450V/ stopped whenever they refused to stop
6
Q
results in milgram
A
- 100% went over 300V
- 65% went up to 450V
7
Q
what are the strengths and weaknesses of the different research methods techniques in milgram
A
strengths:
- controlled observation
- less chance of extraneous variables
- you see things first hand
weaknesses:
- could pick up on demand characteristics
- could miss an observation
7
Q
conclusions in milgram
A
- People obey people with authority
- went against milgram’s hypothesis
- people obey for different reasons but go against their morals
8
Q
the strengths and weaknesses of different types of data in milgram
A
- qualitative e.g responses to pressing button (context), negative - subjective
- quantitative e.g 65% gave to 450 volts, positive - not subjective, can compare, negative - no context
9
Q
what are the ethical considerations in milgram
A
- They didn’t feel like they couldn’t withdraw although that they did - positive
obedient - deceit during the experiment (lying) - negative
- gave consent but not full consent - negative
- got given a debrief after the experiment, reduces psychological harm - positive
- very confidential - positive
- caused physical and mental harm - negative
10
Q
validity in milgram
A
- not ecologically valid - negative
- has internal validity, was in a closed and controlled environment - positive
- reaction made it seem realistic so it seemed accurate
11
Q
reliability in milgram
A
- standardised procedure, everything was the same, consistent and reliable - positive
- same prompts, all had the exact same
12
Q
sampling bias in milgram
A
- only posters put up in a certain area (one place, new haven and yale university)- volunteers, people who want money
- androcentric - only men, cannot generalise
- similar age
13
Q
ethnocentric in milgram
A
- its seeing the world only from one’s own cultural (social ethnic perspective and believing that this one perspective is normal or correct)
- bad thing
- milgram’s study is ethnocentric as it is only done in america, with the same people and cultural
- milgram’s study could also not be ethnocentric because the results were found in more than one place like in germany
