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Migration Test Flashcards

1
Q

what are the categories of push and pull factors

A
  • economic
  • political
  • cultural
  • environment
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2
Q

when predicting movement, who in general is most likely to move?

A

-young adults
-well educated
the two make up the brain drain

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3
Q

what are Ravenstein’s 5 laws? must be able to recite by heart word for word!

A
  1. for every migration there is a counter migration
  2. most migration’s are for a short distance
  3. a long distance migration is likely to a big city
  4. urban residents less likely to migrate than rural
  5. families are less likely to move internationally
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4
Q

what is step migration

A

small incremental moves

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5
Q

intervening opportunity

A

positive event that stops you on your way (something better)

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6
Q

intervening obstacle

A

negative event that stops you on your way

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7
Q

how do you create an ethnic enclave

A
  1. pioneer migrants (first people to come)
  2. kinship links (communication to home country)
  3. chain migration (family follows)
  4. enclave
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8
Q

distance makes any interaction less likely between people goods and ideas

A

migration patters

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9
Q

predicts levels of interaction between two places

A

gravity index

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10
Q

interaction and distance are _____________ related

A

inversely

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11
Q

what is the name of the graph where the axes are interaction and distance

A

distance decay model

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12
Q

what is the gravity index equation

A

distance between squared

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13
Q

in the gravity index equation, the ____________ the number the ________ the likelihood of interaction

A

higher; greater

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14
Q

what are the 5 major historic migration flows

A
  1. south Europe to central/south america (spanish colonization)
  2. africa to america (slave trade)
  3. north europe to north america (british/french/dutch)
  4. britain to asia,africa, australia
  5. india to british colonial possessions
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15
Q

mass migration didnt occur until after what

A

european colonization

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16
Q

what are the three massive migration patterns in the US?

A
  1. East to West (colonies)
  2. south to north (after civil war former slaves moved north and After WW2 the Great Migration)
  3. North to South - current day
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17
Q

internal migration - russia

- west to east for 3 reasons

A
  1. nazi germany - move manufacturing away from nazis
  2. Russification - encourage ethnic russians to move closer together
  3. Vladivostok- only ice free port
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18
Q

what does ISIS stand for

A

Islamic State of Iraq and Syria

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19
Q

what does ISIL stand for

A

Islamic State of Syria and the Leviant

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20
Q

what area has taken a single refugee

A

the countries of the Arabian Peninsula

21
Q

how long has Afghanistan been at war

22
Q

why do farmers find immigrants necessary

A

no Americans are willing to the the physical labor

23
Q

in one of the videos, there was an argument that if the immigrants were deported they could get Americans to do the hard farm labor by offering more pay. why could this not actually happen

A

Americans like cheap food. if they pay workers more, the price of food will go up

24
Q

what are WASPs

A

White Anglo Saxon Protestants

25
in the past, US immigration policy used to be based off of what?
ethnicity
26
currently, US immigration policy is based off of what?
family reinforcement and special skills that help the economy
27
what is proof of immigration used to be based off of ethnicity
- anti Irish because they were Catholic - Chinese Exclusion Act - Gentleman's Agreement - Emergency Quota Act - limited immigration by nation of origin. could only be 2% of 188- census. 150,000 total immigrants per year
28
list proof of how current immigration is based off family reunification
immediate relatives - minor unmarried children, spouses, extended family- parents, siblings, adult children
29
list proof of how current immigration is based off having special skills
- persons of extraordinary ability = masters of their craft- singers, pro athletes, geniuses like Einstein - persons of exceptional ability- people with Ph. D - someone who've given special assistance to US= has at least $500,000 with the intent to create jobs
30
define cyclic movements
involves shorter periods away from home
31
activity spaces-
a daily routine that takes one through a regular sequence of short moves within a local area
32
periodic movements
involves longer periods of time away from home
33
forced migration
involves imposition of authority and power which produces involuntary movement - ex is slavery
34
internal refugees -
have been displaced in their home countries
35
international refugees
crossed one or more international borders during their moves
36
whats the difference between a migrant and a refugee
refugees move without tangible property, they travel by walking, bicycle, wagon, boat, and are displaced, moved without documents
37
how many refugees are estimated to exist in the world today
25 million displaced
38
what are the three primary regions of crisis in sub Saharan African that have generated large refugee numbers
1. Rwanda and the Congo 2. Liberia and Sierra 3. Guinea and the Ivory Coast
39
what group fled Iraq in 1991
Kuwait's Kurdish fled across Turkish-Iranian borders
40
migration selectivity
effects of migration on places of origin and destination
41
migration streams
people move in well defined channels not randomly
42
how many people live outside of the country of their birth
2% or 100 million
43
examples of economic place desirability factors
job availability high wages affordable houses
44
non economic place desirability factors
low crime rates favorable climate clean air
45
what is the limit for permanent immigrant entry into the US per year
675,000
46
14th amendment
anyone born in US is a citizen
47
Afghan refugees are fleeing to
Pakistan
48
describe the Arab spring
revolutionary wave of protests that occurred in the middle east. the problems toppled the regimes in Egypt, Libya, Syria. this caused a civil war between different ethnicity and religious groups
49
where have the Syrian refugees gone
Iraq, Lebanon, Turkey, Jordan, Egypt

AP Geo (8 decks)

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