Migration Test Flashcards
what are the categories of push and pull factors
- economic
- political
- cultural
- environment
when predicting movement, who in general is most likely to move?
-young adults
-well educated
the two make up the brain drain
what are Ravenstein’s 5 laws? must be able to recite by heart word for word!
- for every migration there is a counter migration
- most migration’s are for a short distance
- a long distance migration is likely to a big city
- urban residents less likely to migrate than rural
- families are less likely to move internationally
what is step migration
small incremental moves
intervening opportunity
positive event that stops you on your way (something better)
intervening obstacle
negative event that stops you on your way
how do you create an ethnic enclave
- pioneer migrants (first people to come)
- kinship links (communication to home country)
- chain migration (family follows)
- enclave
distance makes any interaction less likely between people goods and ideas
migration patters
predicts levels of interaction between two places
gravity index
interaction and distance are _____________ related
inversely
what is the name of the graph where the axes are interaction and distance
distance decay model
what is the gravity index equation
distance between squared
in the gravity index equation, the ____________ the number the ________ the likelihood of interaction
higher; greater
what are the 5 major historic migration flows
- south Europe to central/south america (spanish colonization)
- africa to america (slave trade)
- north europe to north america (british/french/dutch)
- britain to asia,africa, australia
- india to british colonial possessions
mass migration didnt occur until after what
european colonization
what are the three massive migration patterns in the US?
- East to West (colonies)
- south to north (after civil war former slaves moved north and After WW2 the Great Migration)
- North to South - current day
internal migration - russia
- west to east for 3 reasons
- nazi germany - move manufacturing away from nazis
- Russification - encourage ethnic russians to move closer together
- Vladivostok- only ice free port
what does ISIS stand for
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
what does ISIL stand for
Islamic State of Syria and the Leviant
what area has taken a single refugee
the countries of the Arabian Peninsula
how long has Afghanistan been at war
1980
why do farmers find immigrants necessary
no Americans are willing to the the physical labor
in one of the videos, there was an argument that if the immigrants were deported they could get Americans to do the hard farm labor by offering more pay. why could this not actually happen
Americans like cheap food. if they pay workers more, the price of food will go up
what are WASPs
White Anglo Saxon Protestants
in the past, US immigration policy used to be based off of what?
ethnicity
currently, US immigration policy is based off of what?
family reinforcement and special skills that help the economy
what is proof of immigration used to be based off of ethnicity
- anti Irish because they were Catholic
- Chinese Exclusion Act
- Gentleman’s Agreement
- Emergency Quota Act - limited immigration by nation of origin. could only be 2% of 188- census. 150,000 total immigrants per year
list proof of how current immigration is based off family reunification
immediate relatives - minor unmarried children, spouses,
extended family- parents, siblings, adult children
list proof of how current immigration is based off having special skills
- persons of extraordinary ability = masters of their craft- singers, pro athletes, geniuses like Einstein
- persons of exceptional ability- people with Ph. D
- someone who’ve given special assistance to US= has at least $500,000 with the intent to create jobs
define cyclic movements
involves shorter periods away from home
activity spaces-
a daily routine that takes one through a regular sequence of short moves within a local area
periodic movements
involves longer periods of time away from home
forced migration
involves imposition of authority and power which produces involuntary movement
- ex is slavery
internal refugees -
have been displaced in their home countries
international refugees
crossed one or more international borders during their moves
whats the difference between a migrant and a refugee
refugees move without tangible property, they travel by walking, bicycle, wagon, boat, and are displaced, moved without documents
how many refugees are estimated to exist in the world today
25 million displaced
what are the three primary regions of crisis in sub Saharan African that have generated large refugee numbers
- Rwanda and the Congo
- Liberia and Sierra
- Guinea and the Ivory Coast
what group fled Iraq in 1991
Kuwait’s Kurdish fled across Turkish-Iranian borders
migration selectivity
effects of migration on places of origin and destination
migration streams
people move in well defined channels not randomly
how many people live outside of the country of their birth
2% or 100 million
examples of economic place desirability factors
job availability
high wages
affordable houses
non economic place desirability factors
low crime rates
favorable climate
clean air
what is the limit for permanent immigrant entry into the US per year
675,000
14th amendment
anyone born in US is a citizen
Afghan refugees are fleeing to
Pakistan
describe the Arab spring
revolutionary wave of protests that occurred in the middle east. the problems toppled the regimes in Egypt, Libya, Syria. this caused a civil war between different ethnicity and religious groups
where have the Syrian refugees gone
Iraq, Lebanon, Turkey, Jordan, Egypt
