Midterms Flashcards
Who’s human being definition is this? “an organism that “strives its own way to reduce tension generated by needs and lives in unstable equilibrium” “ Each individual may be viewed as a unique biological-psychological-spiritual structure, one that will not react the same as any other individual.”
Hildegard Peplau
“an organism that “strives its own way to reduce tension generated by needs and lives in unstable equilibrium”
Human Being
Who’s health definition is this? “a word symbol that implies forward movement of
personality and other ongoing human processes in the direction of creative, constructive, productive, personal, and community living.”
Hildegard Peplau
“a word symbol that implies forward movement of
personality and other ongoing human processes in the direction of creative, constructive, productive, personal, and community living”
Health
“a “significant therapeutic, interpersonal process” that functions cooperatively with others to make health possible”
Nursing
Who’s nursing definition is this? “a “significant therapeutic, interpersonal process” that functions cooperatively with others to make health possible”
Hildegard Peplau
What is the purpose of nursing according to Peplau?
to educate and be a maturing force so that the patient (person) gets a new view of himself given the need that he has presented
What is Nursing according to Peplau?
Therapeutic, a healing art
What are the phases of Peplau’s Nurse-Patient Relationship?
- Orientation Phase
- Identification Phase
- Exploitation Phase
- Resolution Phase
What is the theory of Hildegard Peplau?
Interpersonal Relations Theory
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
nurse and patient meet as two strangers
Orientation Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
the individual has a felt need and seeks
professional assistance
Orientation Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
The nurse helps the individual to recognize and understand his/ her problem and
determine the need for help.
Orientation Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
patient identifies with those who can help him/her
Identification Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
The nurse permits exploration of feelings to aid the patient in undergoing illness as an experience that reorients feelings and strengthens positive forces in the personality and provides needed satisfaction
Identification Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
patient attempts to derive full value from what he/she is offered through the relationship
Exploitation
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
The nurse can project new goals to be achieved through personal effort and power shifts from the nurse to the patient as the patient delays gratification to achieve the newly formed goals.
Exploitation Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
patient gradually puts aside old goals and adopts new goals
Resolution Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
patient frees himself from identification with the nurse
Resolution Phase
What are the different roles of nursing according to Peplau’s Theory?
• TEACHER
• RESOURCE PERSON
• COUNSELOR
• LEADER
• TECHNICAL EXPERT
• SURROGATE
She believes that “the behavior of the nurse-as-a-person interacting with the patient as-a-person has significant impact on the patient’s well-being and the quality and outcome of nursing care”.
Hildegard Peplau
Nursing Roles of Peplau
One who imparts knowledge concerning a need or interest
Teacher
Nursing Roles of Peplau
One who provides specific, needed information that aids in understanding a problem or a new situation
Resource
Nursing Roles of Peplau
One who through the use of certain skills and attitudes, aids another in recognizing, facing, accepting, and resolving problems that are interfering with the other person’s ability to live happily and effectively
Counselor
Nursing Roles of Peplau
One who carries out the process of initiation and maintenance of group goals through interaction
Leader
Nursing Roles of Peplau
One who provides physical care by displaying clinical skills and operating equipment in this care
Technical Expert
Nursing Roles of Peplau
One who takes the place of another
Surrogate
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
This phase defines the problem and identifies the service needed by the patient
Orientation
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
This phase is the nurse’s assessment of the patient’s health and situation.
Orientation Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
This phase includes the selection of the appropriate assistance by a professional.
Identification Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
the patient begins to feel as if he or she belongs, and feels capable of dealing with the problem which decreases the feeling of helplessness and hopelessness
Identification Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
This phase is the development of a nursing care plan based on the patient’s situation and goals.
Identification Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
the patient feels like an integral part of the helping environment, and may make minor requests or use attention-getting techniques.
Exploitation Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
This phase is the implementation of the nursing plan, taking actions toward meeting the goals set in the identification phase.
Exploitation Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
It is the termination of the professional relationship since the patient’s needs have been met through the collaboration of patient and nurse.
Resolution Phase
Identify what phase of Peplau’s Theory.
This phase is the evaluation of the nursing process
Resolution Phase
It was defined as the initial response to a psychic threat.
Anxiety
[Type or Anxiety] It is a positive state of heightened awareness and sharpened senses, allowing the person to learn new behaviors and solve problems. The person can take in all available stimuli (perceptual field).
Mild Anxiety
[Type of Anxiety]
involves a decreased perceptual field (focus on immediate task only); the person can learn a new behavior or solve problems only with assistance. Another person can redirect the person to the task.
Moderate Anxiety
[Type of Anxiety]
involves feelings of dread and terror. The person cannot be redirected to a task; he or she focuses only on scattered details and has physiologic symptoms of tachycardia, diaphoresis, and chest pain.
Severe Anxiety
[Type of Anxiety]
can involve loss of rational thought, delusions, hallucinations, and complete physical immobility and muteness. The person may bolt and run aimlessly, often exposing himself or herself to injury.
Panic Anxiety
Who’s Person definition is this?
a complete and independent being with biological, sociological and spiritual components
Virginia Henderson
a complete and independent being with biological, sociological and spiritual components
Person
Who’s health definition is this?
the ability to perform independently the 14 basic needs
Virginia Henderson
Who’s environment definition is this?
the aggregate of the external conditions and influences affecting
the life and development of an organism
Virginia Henderson
7 components of Virginia Henderson
Light
Temperature
Air Movement
Atmospheric Pressure
Proper Waste Disposal
Absence of Injurious Chemicals
Cleanliness of surroundings
Who’s nursing definition is this?
The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in
the performance of activities contributing to health or its recovery.
Virginia Henderson
The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in
the performance of activities contributing to health or its recovery.
Nursing
14 basic needs of human Virginia Henderson
Breathe normally
Eat and drink adequately
Eliminate body wastes
Move and maintain desirable postures
Sleep and rest
Select suitable clothes
Keep the body clean and well groomed
Maintain body temperature
Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid injuring others
Communicate with others
Worship according to one’s faith
Work in such a way that there is a sense of accomplishment
Play or participate in various forms of recreation
Learn, discovery, satisfy curiosity
This theory focuses on the importance of increasing the patient’s independence to hasten their progress in the hospital.
Virginia Henderson’s Theory
“I say that the nurse does for others what they would do for themselves if they had the strength, the will, and the knowledge. But I go on to say that the nurse makes the patient independent of him or her as soon as possible.”
Virginia Henderson
“The nurse is temporarily the consciousness of the unconscious, the love of life for the suicidal, the leg of the amputee, the eyes of the newly blind, a means of locomotion for the infant and the knowledge and confidence for the young mother…”
Virginia Henderson
Who’s human being’s definition is this?
describes the recipients of nursing as individuals (and families, and thus, society), but does not delineate her beliefs or assumptions about the nature of human beings
Faye Glenn Abdellah
describes the recipients of nursing as individuals (and families, and thus, society), but does not delineate her beliefs or assumptions about the nature of human beings
Human beings
Who’s health definition is this?
total health needs” and “a healthy state of mind and body”
Faye Glenn Abdellah
Who’s nursing definition is this?
considers nursing to be a comprehensive service that is based on an art and science and aims to help people, sick or well, cope with their health needs.
Faye Glenn Abdellah
apparent condition
overt
hidden or concealed condition
covert
a condition faced by the patient or patient’s family that the nurse, through the performance of professional functions, can assist them to meet.
Nursing Problem
Abdellah’s 21 Nursing Problems
- To maintain good hygiene and physical comfort
- To promote optimal activity; exercise, rest and sleep
- To promote safety though the prevention of accident, injury, or other trauma and through the prevention of the spread of infection
- To maintain good body mechanics and prevent and correct deformities
- To facilitate the maintenance of a supply of oxygen to all body cells
- To facilitate the maintenance of nutrition of all body cells
- To facilitate the maintenance of elimination
- To facilitate the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance
- To recognize the physiological responses of the body to disease conditions – pathological, physiological, and compensatory
- To facilitate the maintenance of regulatory mechanisms and functions
- To facilitate the maintenance of sensory functions
- To identify and accept positive and negative expressions, feelings and reactions
- To identify and accept the interrelatedness of emotions and organic illness
- To facilitate the maintenance of effective verbal and non-verbal communication
- To promote the development of productive interpersonal relationships
- To facilitate progress toward achievement of personal spiritual goals
- To create and/or maintain a therapeutic environment
- To facilitate awareness of self as an individual with varying physical, emotional, and developmental needs
- To accept the optimum possible goals in the light of limitations, physical and emotional
- To use community resources as an aid in resolving problems arising from illness
- To understand the role of social problems as influencing factors in the cause of illness
What kind of approach is Abdellah’s Theory?
patient-centered approach
What theory is used in Abdellah’s Nursing Theory
14 basic needs of Henderson
“Nursing is based on an art and science that mould the attitudes, intellectual competencies, and technical skills of the individual nurse into the desire and ability to help people, sick or well, cope with their health needs.”
Abdellah
facilitate the maintenance of a supply of oxygen to all body cells; facilitate the maintenance of nutrition of all body cells; facilitate the
maintenance of elimination; facilitate the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance; recognize the physiological responses of the body to disease conditions; facilitate the maintenance of regulatory mechanisms and functions; and facilitate the maintenance of sensory function.
Sustenal care needs
identify and accept positive and negative expressions,
feelings, and reactions; identify and accept the interrelatedness of emotions and organic illness; facilitate the maintenance of effective verbal and non- verbal communication; promote the development of productive interpersonal relationships; facilitate progress toward achievement of personal spiritual goals; create and maintain a therapeutic environment; and facilitate awareness of the self as an individual with varying physical, emotional, and developmental needs.
Remedial Care Need
include the acceptance of the optimum possible goals in light of limitations, both physical and emotional; the use of community
resources as an aid to resolving problems that arise from illness; and the understanding of the role of social problems as influential factors in the case of illness.
Restorative Care Needs
Patient is described as the only justification for the existence of nursing.
Abdellah
An interpersonal process of therapeutic interactions between an individual who is sick or in need of health services and a nurse specially educated to recognize, respond to the need for help.
Interpersonal Relations Theory
This theory helps nurses and healthcare providers develop more therapeutic interventions in the clinical setting.
Interpersonal Relations Theory
What is the theory of Virginia Henderson?
Nursing Need Theory
“The nurse is expected to carry out a physician’s therapeutic plan, but individualized care is the result of the nurse’s creativity in planning for care.”
Virginia Henderson
What is the theory of Faye Glenn Abdellah?
21 Nursing Problems Theory
This theory changed the focus of nursing from disease-centered to patient centered and began to include families and elderly in nursing care.
21 Nursing Needs Theory
This theory’s nursing model is intended to guide care in hospital institutions but can also be applied to community health nursing as well.
21 Nursing Problems