midterm two, genetics Flashcards
what are polygenic inheritance
effect of two or more gene loci on single phenotype characteristic
what is epistasis
two or more different gene loci contribute to same phenotype
what is pleiotropy
determination of more than one character by a single gene
what are multiple alleles
gene that exist as three or more alleles
what is codominance
cross between organisms with two different phenotypes, where parents traits appear together
what is an example of codominance
a brown and white cow have a baby and that baby is brown and white
what is incomplete dominance
one allele for specific trait is not completely expressed resulting in third phenotype
what is an example of incomplete dominance
purple and white flower produce pink flower
what are the variations of mendel’s principles
incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles, pleiotropy, epistasis, and polygenic inheritance
law of independent assortment
alleles of two+ different genes get sorted into gametes independently of one another
what is law of segregation
individual’s produce gametes, alleles separate, and each gamete receives only on member of pair of alleles
what dihybrid cross
genetic cross, which the parents differs with respects to alleles of two loci
what are the two possibilities of f1 gametes
- two traits passed on together form only two types of gametes
2.two traits segregated independent and produce 4 gametes
what is a testcross
cross of an individual of unknown genotype
what is a homozygous
individual with same characteristics yy
