Midterm Study Review

Question 1

Is Glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 1

anaerobic

Question 2

Is The Krebs Cycle aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 2

aerobic

Question 3

Is The Electron Transport Chain aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 3

aerobic

Question 4

Where does glycolysis take place?

Answer 4

In the cytoplasm

Question 5

Where does The Krebs Cycle take place?

Answer 5

Matrix of Mitocondria

Question 6

Where does the Electron Transport Chain take place?

Answer 6

Inner Membrane of Mitocondria

Question 7

What are the reactants of glycolysis?

Answer 7

Glucose

Question 8

What are the reactants of Krebs Cycle?

Answer 8

Pyruvates

Question 9

What are the reactants of Electron Transport Chain?

Answer 9

2 NADH/FADH2 (energy carriers)

Question 10

How much ATP does Glycolysis and Krebs Cycle make?

Answer 10

2 ATP

Question 11

How much ATP does the electron transport chain make?

Answer 11

34

Question 12

What is the photosynthesis equation?

Answer 12

C02 + H20 + ATP => C6H1206 + 02

Question 13

What is the cellular respiration equation?

Answer 13

C6H1206 + 02 => ATP + H20 + C02

Question 14

What is the overall purpose of cellular respiration?

Answer 14

To break down sugar into energy

Question 15

What is pyruvate?

Answer 15

The end product of glycolysis, its a split glucose molecule.

Question 16

What are light dependent reactions?

Answer 16

Reactions that need light

Question 17

Where are light dependent reactions happening?

Answer 17

thykaloid membranes

Question 18

What is the calvin cycle, does it need light?

Answer 18

The calvin cycle doesnt need light

Question 19

Where does the calvin cycle happen?

Answer 19

In the stroma

Question 20

Name 3 Monosaccharides

Answer 20

Glucose
Fructose
Ribose

Question 21

Name 3 Disaccharides

Answer 21

Sucrose
Maltose
Lactose

Question 22

Name 3 Pollysaccharides

Answer 22

Starch
Cellulose
Glycogen

Question 23

What compounds are enzymes made of?

Answer 23

Proteins

Question 24

What are the 2 types of secondary protein structure?

Answer 24

alpha helix and b plated sheets

Question 25

Where are carbohydrates typically found in cells?

Answer 25

cytoplasm

Question 26

What is polarity?

Answer 26

The partial charges

Question 27

What is a hydrogen bond formed between?

Answer 27

An oxygen and a hydrogen molecule

Question 28

What is high specific heat capacity?

Answer 28

The ability for water to take a long time to boil

Question 29

PH = 14 acid or base?

Answer 29

Base

Question 30

PH = 7 acid or base?

Answer 30

Neutral

Question 31

PH = 2 acid or base?

Answer 31

Acid

Question 32

What is the monomer of lipids?

Answer 32

Fatty Acids + Glycerol

Question 33

Monomer of protiens

Answer 33

Amino Acids

Question 34

Monomer of Nucleic Acids

Answer 34

Nucleotide

Question 35

Does facillitated diffusion use a transport protein?

Answer 35

yes

Question 36

What is simple diffusion?

Answer 36

Small particles going easily through the membrane of a cell

Question 37

What does the smooth er produce?

Answer 37

lipids such as hormones, steroids and hormones

Question 38

What does the rough er produce?

Answer 38

ribosomes and it also makes proteins

Question 39

What does the golgi do?

Answer 39

processes and packages lipids and proteins

Question 40

What does the vacuole do?

Answer 40

stores water and toxins (storage)

Question 41

What does the lysosome do?

Answer 41

breaks down food with enyzmes

Question 42

polar is hydrophilic true of false

Answer 42

true

Question 43

are non polar molecules hydrophobic or hydrophillic?

Answer 43

hydrophobic

Question 44

Why is water polar?

Answer 44

becuase of the slight negative oxygen and slight positive hydrogens

Question 45

What is the products of glycolysis?

Answer 45

Pyruvates/Energy NADH

Question 46

What is the products of krebs cycle?

Answer 46

ATP, CO2, FADH2, NADH

Question 47

What is the products of the electron transport chain?

Answer 47

ATP, Water

Question 48

What happens during transcription?

Answer 48

mRNA is produced

Question 49

Where does transcription happen?

Answer 49

The nucleus

Question 50

What are the 3 types of RNA?

Answer 50

tRNA, mRNA & rRNA

Question 51

What does mRNA do?

Answer 51

tells the cell what protein to make

Question 52

What does rRNA do?

Answer 52

along with proteins, it makes 2 parts of the ribosome

Question 53

What does tRNA do?

Answer 53

transport specific amino acids to the ribosome and interpret mRNA code

Question 54

What enzyme unzips dna to make rna?

Answer 54

helicase

Question 55

What are introns?

Answer 55

pieces of mRNA that wont be included in the final mRNA

Question 56

What are exons?

Answer 56

pieces of DNA that are for particular proteins, they are included in the final mRNA

Question 57

What is translation?

Answer 57

the synthesis of protein from mRNA, happens in the cytoplasm

Question 58

What are the 3 things that happen in transcription?

Answer 58

1. DNA is unzipped 2. mRNA edited to remove introns 3. Send finished mRNA

Question 59

What are the base pairs in mRNA?

Answer 59

A-U and C-G

Question 60

What is an anti-codon?

Answer 60

3 base pairs in the end of mRNA

Question 61

What are the 5 Steps of Translation?

Answer 61

1. Ribosome Attaches to mRNA 2. Ribosome reads mRNA/code 3. tRNA with amino acids attaches 4. Bonds form between amino acids 5. Translation stops when the ribosome reaches stop codon

Question 62

Purines are

Answer 62

Adenine and Guanine

Question 63

Pyrimidines are

Answer 63

Thymine and Cytosine

Question 64

How many bonds are between adenine and thymine?

Answer 64

2

Question 65

How many bonds are between cytosine and guanine?

Answer 65

3

Question 66

What 3 letter codon starts translation?

Answer 66

AUG

Question 67

Which of the following is a product of the light reactions of photosynthesis that is essential for the Calvin Cycle?

Answer 67

ATP + NADPH

Question 68

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 68

cell eating another smaller cell (NOM)

Question 69

What is lysis?

Answer 69

breakdown of cell because of cell membrane

Question 70

What is pinocytosis?

Answer 70

Cell drinking (yummy pinocola)

Question 71

Is cholesterol polar or nonpolar?

Answer 71

non polar

Question 72

is polar hydrophilic or phobic

Answer 72

hydrophillic