memory Flashcards
define processing
the operations we perform on sensory information in the brain.
define input
for human memory; this refers to the sensory info we receive from our environment.
what are the 5 senses
- sight
- hearing
- touch
- taste
- smell
define storage
the retention of info in our memory system.
define encoding & 3 types of encoding
turning sensory info into a form that can be used & stored by the brain.
* acoustic encoding
* visual encoding
* semantic encoding
define acoustic encoding
the process of storing sound in our memory system.
define visual encoding
the process of storing something that we’ve seen in our memory system.
define semantic encoding
the process of storing the meaning of info in our memory system
e.g rather then sound of a word, we store definition of the word.
define output
refers to the info we recall; in a broader sense output can refer to behavioral response
define retrieval
the recall of stored memories.
define stm
our inital memory store that’s temporary & limited.
define ltm
memory store that holds potentially limitless amounts of info for up to a long time.
define duration
length of time info can be stored in stm & ltm
define capacity
amount of info can be stored in stm & ltm.
where does sensory info first enter?
- stm
what’s the duration & capacity of stm?
encoding?
duration: 15-30 seconds w/o rehearsal
capacity: 7+-2 items
encoding: acoustic through rehearsal of info, can be stored for many mins then transferred to ltm
duration & capacity of ltm?
& encoding
duration: for minutes or up to a lifetime
capacity: unlimited amount of info
encoding: largely semantic. can be visual or acoustic.
define displacement
when stm becomes full & new info pushes out older info.
define interference
when new info overwrites older info
e.g when new phone no takes place of old no in your memory.
define amnesia
memory loss, often through accident, disease, injury.
define anterograde amnesia
a memory condition that means new long-term memories can’t be made; this is typically caused by injury to the brain.
define retrograde amnesia
a memory condition that affects recall of memories prior to an injury of the brain.
