Meiosis & Genetics

Question 1

What are homologous chromosomes

Answer 1

The chromosomes that make up a pair, one from each parent

Question 2

What are the characteristics of homologous chromosomes

Answer 2

Same length and centromere position

Question 3

What is a gamete

Answer 3

sex cells

Question 4

What is a diploid cell

Answer 4

a cell with 2n chromosomes

Question 5

What is meiosis

Answer 5

cell division that reduces the # of chromosomes by half

Question 6

What happens during interphase

Answer 6

cells carryout metabolic functions, copies DNA, and makes proteins.

Question 7

What is synapsis

Answer 7

A process where homologous chromosomes turn into homologous pairs

Question 8

What happens after telophase 1

Answer 8

cytokinesis

Question 9

What are haploid cells

Answer 9

a cell with 23 chromosomes

Question 10

How many cells are there after meiosis II

Answer 10

Four haploid cells with 23 chromosmomes each

Question 11

What are traits

Answer 11

Characteristics such as hair and eye color.

Question 12

How many cells do humans have

Answer 12

46 or 23 pairs

Question 13

In what phase do chromosomes replicate and chromatin condenses

Answer 13

Prophase 1

Question 14

Each chromosome contains what

Answer 14

Hundreds of genes

Question 15

What letter is used to show 23 chromosomes

Answer 15

n

Question 16

Chromosomes line up in the middle of equator

Answer 16

metaphase

Question 17

Describe the main goal of meiosis I

Answer 17

separate homologous pairs

Question 18

Explain the relationship between sexual reproduction and meiosis

Answer 18

Meiosis creates gametes, and gametes undergo fertilization which is what sexual reproduction

Question 19

Differentiate between meiosis I and II

Answer 19

Meiosis 1 separates homologous pairs and II separates sister chromatids.

Question 20

What is a likely result of crossing over during meiosis I?

Answer 20

Production of recombinant gametes

Question 21

Which of the following occurs during meiosis II?

Answer 21

sister chromatids split

Question 22

During meiosis, when does the ploidy (number of sets of chromosomes) get reduced from diploid (2n) to haploid (n)?

Answer 22

Once telophase I of meiosis I is complete

Question 23

Compare and contrast the result # of cells in meiosis and mitosis

Answer 23

Unlike mitosis, which results in two daughter cells, meiosis results in 4 haploid cells.

Question 24

What is the overall purpose of meiosis?

Answer 24

To create gametes

Question 25

Which of the following events occurs during meiosis I?

Answer 25

Homologous chromosomes separate.

Question 26

Explain what genes are

Answer 26

DNA segments

Question 27

Explain why humans have 46 chromosomes

Answer 27

They receive 23 chromosomes from each parent; they have two parents

Question 28

Explain what happens during anaphase I

Answer 28

chromosomes separate and are pulled apart and move to opposite poles

Question 29

Explain how meiosis provides genetic variation

Answer 29

Gametes line up in the middle of the apparatus randomly and create different combinations. It is also produced during crossing over, prophase I, and fertilization

Question 30

Describe the goal of Mitosis

Answer 30

To accurately replicate DNA