Meiosis- Exam 1

Question 1

what are homologous chromosomes?

Answer 1

one comes from mom, one comes from dad, same genes, potentially different alleles

Question 2

what are differences between meiosis and mitosis?

Answer 2

haploid, 2 rounds of cell division, crossing over

Question 3

prophase 1

Answer 3

diploid, synapse forms, nucleasr envelope breaks down, double stranded chromosomes form tetrads

Question 4

metaphase 1

Answer 4

diploid, homologous pairs form a line at the metaphase plate

Question 5

anaphase 1

Answer 5

segregation
pairs are separated
independent assortment

Question 6

telophase 1

Answer 6

nuclear membrane reforms
double stranded chromosomes
daughter cells are haploid

Question 7

prophase 2

Answer 7

cleave cells

Question 8

metaphase 2

Answer 8

microtubules attach to centromeres at the metaphase plate

Question 9

anaphase 2

Answer 9

chromosomes pulled apart

Question 10

telophase 2

Answer 10

microtubules disappear and cell division begins

Question 11

cytokinesis

Answer 11

4 haploid cells form

Question 12

crossing over and recombination

Answer 12

occurs during prophase 1, cohesins hold sister chromatids together, SC proteins hold chromosomes together in synaptonemal complex, cross over points are called chiasmata

Question 13

Mendel’s Laws and meiosis

Answer 13

relates to Mendel’s law of segregation because alleles are separated into haploid gametes, Mendel’s law of independent assortment occurs in anaphase 1 when genes on non-homologous chromosomes assort independently