Meet the Greeks Flashcards
Study
1
Q
Achilles
A
He is very temperamental and often gets into fights.
- Son of Thetis and Peleus
- Bound to die because hes human
-Thetis drips him in the river Styx
- Makes him invulnerable except for his heel aka achillis
- Achilles and Patroclus are “dating”
2
Q
Zeus/Jupiter
A
- Son of Cronus/Saturn and Rhea
- King of the gods
- God of the sky, thunder, and hospitality
3
Q
Hera/Juno
A
- Zeus wife (and sister)
- Goddess of marriage, women, family and childbirth
- Hates Troy
4
Q
Hades/Pluto
A
- Brother of Zeus/Hera/Poseidon
-God of the Underworld
5
Q
Posiedon/Neptune
A
- Brother of Zeus/Hades/Hera
- God of sea, earthquakes/storms, and horses
- Built the walls of Troy with Apollo
6
Q
Athena/Minerva
A
- Born from Zeus’ forehead
- Virgin goddess
- Goddess of wisdom, crafts, and war
- Patron goddess of Athens.
7
Q
Apollo
A
-Son of Zeus
- Sister of Artemis
God of Archery, healing, prophecy, and poetry
- Built the walls of Troy with Poseidon
-Same name in Greek and Latin
8
Q
Artemis/Diana
A
- Daughter of Zeus
- Sister of Apollo
- Virgin goddess
- Goddess of archery, hunting, animals, and young women.
9
Q
Ares/Mars
A
Son of Zeus and Hera
- God of war
10
Q
Aphrodite/Venus
A
- Goddess of Love
- Mother of Eros/Cupid
- Favors the Trojans
- Paris
- Has a child (Aeneas) with the Trojan noble Anchises.
11
Q
Hephaestus/Vulcan
A
- God of blacksmiths
- Son of Hera
- Disabled
- Married to Aphrodite/Venus
12
Q
Hermes/Mercury
A
- Messenger god
- God of heralds, travelers, merchants, and thieves
13
Q
Dionysus/Bacchus
A
- Son of Zeus and the mortal Semele
- God of wine, ecstasy, madness, and theater.
14
Q
Thetis and Peleus
A
- Nymph
-Beloved by Zeus - Prophecy her child will be stronger than his child
15
Q
the Golden apple
A
the golden apple- given to the most beuatiful or to the nobelist
- Each tries to bribe Paris
16
Q
Paris
A
The judge of the golden apple winner and his prize is the most beautiful women.
17
Q
Helen
A
- Mortal daughter of Zeus
- Menelaus wife
- Most beautiful woman in the world
- Paris runs away with Her
18
Q
The trojan war
A
-Troy:
Greeks:
19
Q
The Bronze Age
A
2500-1200 BCE
20
Q
Heinrich Schliemann
A
Kickstarts Archeology on his journey in Attempt to find the Ancient world in Iliad.
- In his excavation He dug up the City of Troy by using dinamite
21
Q
City of Mycenae
A
- discovered by Heinrich
- Wrote in Linear B (-Symbols = syllables)
- ## Michael Deciphers Linear B in 1952
22
Q
The Minoans
A
- Not Greek
Lived on Crete - Writing System = Linear A
23
Q
The Bronze Age Collapse
A
- Almost all Mediterranean civilizations collapse
- 1200-1100 BCE
- Causes unclear
- Climate Change
- Systems collapse
24
Q
Archaeology
A
- Study of material culture
- Places
- Art
- Domestic Scenes
- Bull Motifs
- Women and Goddesses
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The Dark Age
- (1100-800 BCE)
- No literary sources
-Decline
-Population
-Places abandoned
26
Homer
The myth:
- Blind Poet
- Wrote the Iliad and Odyssey
- We know nothing about homer that is reliable.
- Herodotus was the first to write about homer
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Stock Scenes
- Scenes that appear in numerous stories
E.g. banquets
- A rapper freestyling is similar to this.
- Rapper may have a topic in mind that is semi improvised
28
Epic Poetry
- The most elevated genre in antiquity
- Meter: Dactylic Hexamete
- Large-scale stories of great men, women and gods.
29
Oral poetry
- Hallmarks of oral poetry are Epithets and Stock scenes
- Oral poetry is stories passed down from generation to generation and are semi improvised.
- Works by meter not by rhyme so he uses these frequent description to finish up the meter.
- Millman Parry Compared the Iliad to oral poetry in Yugoslavia
- Helped people think that maybe Homer couldn't read or write.
30
Tiers of Heroes
Tier 1 Heroes:
Tier 2 Heroes:
The army's aka the army's that hang behind
31
Iliad 1 summary
- Chryses is Priest of Apollo
- Supplicates Agamemnon to return his daughter, Chryseis
- Chryseis was taken as Agamemnon's slave
- Agamemnon says no and Apollo is angered by this and sends a plague. Agamemnon folds and gives her back.
-Briseis was a women taken as Achilles slave and was taken by Agamemnon to replace Chryseis. Achilles wanted to murder him but Athena said no and so his next plan was to go on strike.
Summary- 1.
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Iliad 6
Diomedes and Glaucus
-They share there life storys because the victor can explain who they killed.
- They figure out they are connected through hospitality so they become best friends and exchange armor.
- "But Zeus took away Glaucus' good sense, for he exchnaged his golden armor for Bronze, the worth of one hundred oxen for nine."
Hector and Paris
- Paris is the only adult man Hector meets in Troy
- Paris doesnt fight because he is spending time with Helen
- Astyanax: Son of Hector and Andromache. Name means "lord of the city"
- Dramatic Irony: The audience knows something the characters don't.
-Astyanax will be thrown from the tower after the war.
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Ancient Sexuality
- Not based on what gender you are attracted to
- If you masculine you are taking the active roll.
- Active partner is older or of higher status.
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Iliad 16
- The Greeks are loosing the war
- Patroclus fights in Achilles' armor and Hector kills Patroclus
-Achilles aristia - "Literally excellence" or "killing spree"
- Achilles v.s. Hector: Hector asks for a proper funeral and Achilles says no. Hectors looses and achilles drags the corpse of Hector around troy while his whole family watches.
- The Iliad ends when he returns hectors body to the family and the story is overall about achilles rage.
35
Iliad 24
1. Quarrel on Olympus
2. Thetis and Zeus discuss modifying achilles cause
3. Zeus messages Achilles through Thetis.
4. Reconciliation and restitution of Hectors body
5. Funeral of Hector.
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trojan War
- Paris kills Achilles
- The trojan Horse- Tricks the trojan horse into letting the Greeks in
- Troy is sacked
- Death of Astyanax
- trojan women enslaved.
37
Herodotus
- Goal of his books was to explain the causes of the Persian war
-Books 1-4 is backstory: reciprocal Kidnappings(Greeks and Persians abducting each others women), descriptions of Persians and other Barbarians, Greece before the persian wars
- Book 5-9 persian wars
- Rationalizing myths
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