Meds

Question 1

Metronidazole MoA

Answer 1

• Electron acceptor that reduces cytotoxic compounds that bind to proteins and DNA
• Disrupts DNA, inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis
• Bactericidal
• Need anaerobic environment to reduce in order to be active

Question 2

Metronidazole Spectrum

Answer 2

Oral and GI anaerobes

-Protozoa (Giardia, amoeba, Trichomonas

Question 3

Metronidazole Clin Use

Answer 3

DOC: C diff, anaerobic infections above the neck and below the diaphragm, BV, giardiasis, trichamonaisis, amebiasis, endovascular infection due to Bacteroides species

Question 4

Metronidazole Interacts

Answer 4

Contraindicated: BCG live vaccine, busulfan, disulfiram, lopinavir, ritonavir, tipranavir

Question 5

Metronidazole ADRs

Answer 5

Nausea, vomiting with alcohol consumption!, epigastric distress, abdominal cramps
-Metallic taste

Question 6

Chloroquine MoA

Answer 6

Binds hemazoin in parasitized RBCs causing cell lysis

Question 7

Chloroquine Spectrum

Answer 7

Plasmodium species, extraintestinal amoebas

-Off label: lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis

Question 8

Chloroquine Clin Use

Answer 8

Malaria tx and prophylaxis

Tx liver abscesses and intestinal wall infections caused by amebas

Question 9

Chloroquine Interacts

Answer 9

Contraindicated: Dronedarone, eliglustat, pimozide, toremifene

Question 10

Chloroquine ADRs

Answer 10

N/V/D, anorexia, abd pain, blurred vision, HA, photosensitivity, tinnitus, muscle weakness

Question 11

Mebendazole MoA

Answer 11

Binds to and interferes with the assembly of the parasites’ microtubules and decreases glucose uptake

Question 12

Mebendazole Spectrum

Answer 12

Drug of choice for whipworm, pinworm, hookworm, and roundworm infections

Question 13

Mebendazole Clin Use

Answer 13

-Must be taken with a high fat meal or else little is absorbed

Question 14

Mebendazole Interacts

Answer 14

Contraindicated: Carbamazepine, cimetidine, phenytoin

Question 15

Mebendazole ADRs

Answer 15

May have abd pain and diarrhea

• Tolerated very well
• Contraindicated in pregnancy (category C)

Question 16

Pyrantel pamoate MoA

Answer 16

Depolarizing, neuromuscular-blocking agent

-Paralyzes the worms and they are expelled from intestinal tract

Question 17

Pyrantel pamoate Spectrum

Answer 17

Roundworm, pinworm, and hookworm infections

Question 18

Pyrantel pamoate Clin Use

Answer 18

Medication is used in animals to de-worm as well as humans

-primarily used to treat pinworm infection in humans

Question 19

Pyrantel pamoate Interacts

Answer 19

None

Question 20

Pyrantel pamoate ADRs

Answer 20

Mild

-N/V/D

Question 21

Lindane MoA

Answer 21

Directly absorbed into parasites and ova

Question 22

Lindane Spectrum

Answer 22

Lice and scabies

Question 23

Lindane Clin Use

Answer 23

Tx for head lice, pubic lice, and scabies

-Lotion (scabies) or shampoo (lice)

Question 24

Lindane Interacts

Answer 24

Monitor electrolytes w/ magnesium citrate may increase risk of seizures

Question 25

Lindane ADRs

Answer 25

Itching, burning skin, dry skin, rash

Question 26

Permethrin MoA

Answer 26

Causes paralysis and death of the pest

Question 27

Permethrin Spectrum

Answer 27

Lice and scabies

Question 28

Permethrin Clin Use

Answer 28

Tx for head lice, pubic lice, and scabies

-Lotion or cream

Question 29

Permethrin Interacts

Answer 29

None

Question 30

Permethrin ADRs

Answer 30

Skin irritation