medicine on the westen front

Question 1

what was the structure of a trench system?

Answer 1

the front line - the line nearest to the enemy
the command trench - behind the front line linking the firing line and the command support
the support line - supplied the front line with ammunition, first aid and provided a second line of defence in case of the enemy taking the frontline

Question 2

how was trench foot avoided?

Answer 2

it was ordered that men would have three pairs of socks and have to change them twice a day. they would also have to rub whale oil into their feet

Question 3

what was the order of the evacuation route

Answer 3

1. stretcher bearers
2. regimental aid posts
3. field ambulance and dressing stations
4. casualty clearing station
5. base hospitals

Question 4

what organisation did all medical officers in 1914 belong to?

Answer 4

RAMC royal army medical corps. expanded by 12 times to 113,000 by 1918

Question 5

what was the FANY

Answer 5

first aid nursing yeomanry
founded in 1907 made up of women

Question 6

who discovered the existence of blood groups?

Answer 6

Karl Landsteiner in 1900 - meaning blood transufusions were now possible

Question 7

how was antiseptic technique developed?

Answer 7

by the Carrel-Dankin method which kept a chemical solution flowing through the wound using tubes

Question 8

how was the mortality rates from a broken femur decreased?

Answer 8

the thomas splint (developed by Hugh Owen Thomas) which was implemented in 1916 decreased the death rate from 80% to 20%

Question 9

when were x-rays developed?

Answer 9

1895 by Wilhelm Röntgen

Question 10

what was added to blood to prevent it clotting when stored?

Answer 10

sodium citrate solution discovered by Richard Lewisohn

Question 11

who was ‘the father of plastic surgery’?

Answer 11

Harold Gillies