Measles

Question 1

Another name for measles?

Answer 1

Rubeola

Question 2

Measles is DNA or RNA ?

Answer 2

RNA

Question 3

Route of infection in measles ?

Answer 3

Direct droplet infection, airborne infection , via contaminated articles and fomites

Question 4

IP if measles?

Answer 4

1 – 2 weeks

Question 5

Infectivity of measles?

Answer 5

5 days before and 5 days after rash

Question 6

CP of measles?

Answer 6

1. Catarrhal stage (koplick’s spots)
2. Eruptive stage (4th to 5th day of fever)
3. Convalescence stage

Question 7

Describe catarrhal stage of measles?

Answer 7

Fever conjunctivitis coryza(rhinitis) and dry cough with koplick’s spots

Question 8

What is koplick spots?

Answer 8

Pathognomotic for measles
Appear on the 3rd day opposite the lower molar teeth , greyish white dots with red areola and disappear 2 days after the rash

Question 9

Eruptive stage of measles ?

Answer 9

1. Maculopapular rash
2. On the 4th day of fever
3. Fever rises upto 40 for 2 days then rapidly fall
4. Starts behind the ear and near the hair line then involve fair and neck then truck and arms
5. When reach LL it fade from face

Question 10

Convalescence stage of measles ?

Answer 10

Rashe fade in order of appearance with fine branny desquamation

Question 11

What are the clinical types of measles ?

Answer 11

1. Mild ( rash doesn’t reach legs )
2. Attenuated (if gamma globulin is given during IP)
3. Sever ( bullous rash or hemorrhagic(black measles))

Question 12

Investigation of measles ?

Answer 12

1. Virus isolation from blood or nasopharyngeal secretions

2. Rising antibody titre

Question 13

Complication of measles ?

Answer 13

1. Respiratory
2. GIT
3. Neuro
4. Cardiac
5. Blood

Question 14

Respiratory complications of measles ?

Answer 14

1. 2ry bacterial infection with strep
2. Hect’s pneumonia
3. Activation of TB focus

Question 15

How do you know a child with measles developed 2ry bacterial infection of respiratory system?

Answer 15

1. Marked increase of fever
2. Malaise and prostration
3. Leukocytosis

Question 16

What is hect’s pneumonia?

Answer 16

Viral pneumonia with multinucleated giant cells in the lungs

Question 17

Prevention of measles?

Answer 17

Measles vaccine (MMR vaccine)
Vitamin A single dose with the vaccine (immune enhancer)

Question 18

Ttt of measles for cases ?

Answer 18

a. Symptomatic eye drops
b. Care of feeding
c. Antibiotics for 2ry infection
d. Vitamin a 100.000 – 200.000 IU single oral dose reduce measles morbidity in malnourished immunodeficiency nad in infants 6mo to 2yrs

Question 19

Ttt of measles for contacts ?

Answer 19

Passive immunization with measles immunoglobulin 0.5ml/kg IM

1. If given within 6 days of exposure prevents the disease but vaccine is needed 2 months later (seropreventive)given to immunodeficient and <6mon of non immune mothers
2. If given after 6 days of exposure, attenuate the virus, mild disease plus immunity seroattenuation