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Pharm 586 > MCP: Vaccine Administration > Flashcards

MCP: Vaccine Administration Flashcards

1
Q

Reasons People Don’t Vaccinate

A
  • Don’t feel at risk
  • Cost
  • Don’t trust Western Medicine
  • Concern about SE
  • Rule themselves out (pregnanacy)
  • Autism
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2
Q

Passive Immunity

A

Produced by one human or animal and transferred to another

Immunity an infant recieves from their mother

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3
Q

Active Immunity

A
  • Immune system is stimulated to produce cellular and humoral immunity
  • Lasting Protection
  • Surviving infection from disease causing organism
  • Vaccination
    • Similar to nautral infection response
    • W/o the risks of the actual disease
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4
Q

Live Attenuated Vaccines

A
  • Weakend bacterium/virus
  • Must replicate to be effective
    • only SE if uncontrolled replication in immunocompromised
  • Cellular and humoral
  • Circulating antibodies interfer
  • Immunity after 1 dose
  • 4 wk interval unless do on the same day
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5
Q

Inactivated Vaccines

A
  • Can’t replicate
  • Humoral response
  • Less affected by circulating antibody
  • Always need more than one dose
    • Ex: HepA provide some protection
  • Antibody titer decline with time
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6
Q

Standard Questions

A
  • Allergies?
  • Chronic disease?
  • Medications?
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7
Q

Basic Vaccine Screening Questions

A
  • Are you sick today?
  • Are you allergic to latex?
  • Are you allergic to any vaccine or vaccine components?
  • Have you ever had a serious reaction after recieving a vaccine?
  • Have you had Guillan Barre Syndrome in the past?
  • Is it possible that you could be pregnant?
    • HPV not recommended
    • Thimerasol limits
    • Inactive vaccine okay
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8
Q

Additional Questions for Live Vaccine

A
  • Cancer, luekemia, AIDs, or any immune system problem?
  • Cortisone, prednisone other steroids, anticancer drugs or have you had radiation treatments (high for 2wk or long-20mg)
  • Transfusion of blood or blood products or been given immune globulin or an antiviral medication in last year?
  • Have you recieved any vaccinations in the past 4 wks?
  • Are you pregnant/plan to be in 4 wks?
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9
Q

Rules to Remember

A
  • All indicated vaccine at same visit
    • Except: Children wiht asplenia getting Menactra and PCV. PCV13 and PPSV23
  • LIve vaccine separate by 4 wks
    • Except: oral
  • Schedules indicate time between doses
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10
Q

Myths about CI

A
  • Mild ilness
  • Antibacterial therapy (ex: typhoid)
  • Non-vaccine allergies
  • Pre-term birth (ex: Hep B if <4lbs)
  • Breastfeeding
  • Contact with immunocompromised or pregnant (ex: FluMist for severe immunocompromised)
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11
Q

Vaccine Information Statement

A
  • Federally mandated to give to patient before the vaccine
  • Risk/Benefits
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12
Q

Consent

A
  • Answer question
  • Risk and Benefits
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13
Q

Preparing the Needle

A
  • Minimize tissue injury and SQ leakage
  • 23 vs. 25 gauge
  • Needle length depends on injection route
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14
Q

Max Doses

A
  • Deltoid
    • 0.5 mL
    • No more than 1-2 mL
  • Large muscle
    • 1-4mL
    • No more than 5 mL
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15
Q

Getting organized

A
  • Get all supplies ready
  • Record
    • Date administered
    • Vaccine name, manufacturer, lot, exp
    • Location of administer
    • Provider administering
    • Date VIS provided/VIS publicated
  • Double check
    • Correct vaccine, dose, exp
    • Screening/consent
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16
Q

IM injections

A
  • 90 degree angle with a quick thrust
  • Separate 2 injection by 1”
  • Thickest part of deltoid
  • Anterolateral thigh for infants to 36 months
  • 1” for most
  • 1.5” for large
  • 5/8” for small
  • 25 gauge
17
Q

SQ Injections

A
  • 45 degree angle
  • Pinch and shoot
  • Fatty tissue over tricep
  • Infant-36 mo: fatty tissue over anterolateral thigh
  • 5/8”
18
Q

What kinds of vaccine given IM vs SQ

A
  • Vaccine with adjuvant are given IM to prevent irritation, inflammation and granuloma formation if it were to be admin instead in subQ tissue
19
Q

Reporting Adverse Reaction/Adverse Reactions

A
  • Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System
    • VAERS
  • Anaphylaxis is 1 in 1.5 million
  • To prevent fainting:
    • Make sure seated
    • Know fainting signs (pale/sweaty)
    • Take action to prevent injury if these sx do occur.

Pharm 586 (5 decks)

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