Maxwell O Flashcards
Magna Carta
First document to restrict power on the English Ruler.
Parliament
The purpose was to make laws, approve new taxes, control the monarch, and advise the King. Had Power of the Purse, which was the right to make new taxes.
Bill of Rights
A document that lists freedoms that the government will protect.
English Bill of Rights
The monarch could bring up ideas, but the Parliment had the final say on the idea. Signed by Queen Mary and King William.
John Peter Zenger Trial
He wrote false things about the governor. He was on trial for libel.
Libel
A published false statement that is damaging to a person’s reputation.
The Glorious Revolution
In 1688, King James 2nd was removed from power by the Parliament, and his daughter Mary and husband William took the throne.
The Purpose of the Navigation Acts
To have the colonies only sell goods to England, and the colonies had a place to sell to.
Gentry (Class)
Upper class of colonial society. Merchants, successful planters, and royal officials.
Legislature
Part of the government that has the power to make laws.
Apprentice
A person who learns a trade by working for someone in that trade for a certain period of time.
Indentured Servant
Someone who came to Americas on other’s money, so they were contracted to work off their debt.
Racism
The belief that one race is superior to another.
Slave Codes
Laws to restrict rights and activities for slaves. To prevent revolts.
Benjamin Franklin
Most known for Poor Richard’s Almanac. He was a writer, businessman, leader, scientist, inventor, diplomat and a founder of USA.
The Great Awakening
A reaction against what some Christians saw as a religious decline. Led to the rise and growth of new churches.
The Enlightenment
In the 1600s to mid 1700s, Europeans, including John Locke, introduced a moment that looked at “natural laws,” that governed politics, economics, and society.
Divine Right
Power goes through God to monarch to people.
Natural Rights
Power goes through God to people to monarch. The colonies preferred this because they could change the government, and they weren’t really controlled by the King. This means the colonies could overthrow the leaders.
Life, Liberty, and Property.
John Locke
Englishman to think of Natural Rights. Thought if the government doesn’t protect the rights of the people they have the right to overthrow it.
Baron de Montesquieu
French thinker who wanted the Separation of Powers.
Separation of Powers
The powers of the government should be clearly defined and LIMITED. Division of the power in the government.
Executive Branch
Enforce the laws that the Legislature makes.
Judicial Branch
Interpret the laws that the Legislature makes.
Legislature Branch
Makes the laws.
