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Finals > Math Final Definitions > Flashcards

Math Final Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Point

A

that which has no part

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2
Q

line

A

limitless, breadthless length

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3
Q

collinear

A

a set of points are collinear if they all lie on the same line

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4
Q

intersect, intersection

A

two or more figures INTERSECT if at least one point is on the all. The INTERSECTION of two or more figures is the set of all points on them all

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5
Q

segment

A

a segment is two points on a line and all points on that line between them

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6
Q

ray

A

Choose a point on a line. Add to it all points on that line on one of the two sides of the point you choose. The result is a ray

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7
Q

midpoint

A

the midpoint of a line segment is the point in its interior that divides it into a pair of equal sub-segments

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8
Q

angle

A

an angle is a pair of rays that share an endpoint in common

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9
Q

angle side

A

an angle is composed of a pair of coterminal rays. Each of those two rays is a side of the angle

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10
Q

angle vertex

A

The vertex of an angle is the point of intersection of its two sides

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11
Q

angle bisector

A

and angle bisector is a ray from an angle’s vertex through its interior that divides it into a pair of equal sub-angles.

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12
Q

right angle

A

an angle is right when it measures 90 degrees

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13
Q

straight angle

A

and angle is straight when its two sides form a line (note the definition doesn’t say anything about the measure.)

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14
Q

acute angle

A

an angle is acute when it measures less then 90 degrees

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15
Q

obtuse angle

A

an angle is obtuse when it measure greater than 90 degrees but less then 180 degrees

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16
Q

reflex angle

A

an angle is reflex when it measures greater than 180 degrees

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17
Q

adjacent angles

A

two angles are adjacent if they have a common side and that common side passes through the interior of the angle formed by the non-common sides

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18
Q

vertical angles

A

opposite angle pairs formed when two lines intersect

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19
Q

linear pair

A

two angle for a linear pair when they are adjacent and their non-common sides for a line

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20
Q

Complementary

A

two angles are complementary when the sum of their angles is 90 degrees

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21
Q

supplementary

A

two angles are supplementary when the sum of their angles is 180 degrees

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22
Q

perpendicular

A

two lines are perpendicular when they form a right angle ( note the definition only recalls one right angle being formed)

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23
Q

polygon

A

a polygon is composed of sides. Each side is a line segment. Each line intersects precisely two others, on at one of its endpoints and a second at its other endpoint.

24
Q

concave

A

a polygon is concave if atleast one segment that joins points in its interior passes outside the polygon

25
Q

convex

A

a polygon is convex if it is not concave

26
Q

equilateral

A

a polygon is equilateral if all its sides have the same length

27
Q

equiangular

A

a polygon is equiangular if all its angles have the same measure

28
Q

regular

A

a polygon is regular if it is both equilateral and equiangular

29
Q

irregular

A

a polygon is irregular if it is not regular

30
Q

theorem

A

a statement that has been proven true (not can be but had been)

31
Q

proof

A

a sequence of statements that begins with the given and ends with the conclusion. If we place all givens at the start, each statement after the given follows from a prior statement or statements and is justified by some definition, postulate, previously proven theorem

32
Q

lemma

A

a helper theorem, that is, a theorem whose purpose is to simplify the proof of a later, typically more significant theorem.

33
Q

corollary

A

a quick and easy consequence of a theorem already proven

34
Q

conditional statement

A

a conditional statement is one that can be written in ‘if…then…’ form

35
Q

given and conclusion

A

in a conditional statement, the sub-statement that follows the ‘if’ is the given and the sub-statement that follow the ‘then’ is the conclusion

36
Q

related conditionals

A

a conditional has three related conditionals. they are its converse, its inverse, and its contrapositive

37
Q

converse

A

to form the converse of a conditional, exchange hypothesis and conclusion. Thus the converse of the conditional

38
Q

congruent polygons

A

two polygons are congruent if sides and angles which correspond are equal in measure. This definition is often abbreviated as CPCTE

39
Q

isosceles triangle

A

a triangle is isosceles if it has at least two sides equal

40
Q

legs, base, base angles, vertex angle

A

in an isosceles triangle, if a pair of sides are equal in length we call them legs.
the base is the third side.
the base angles are the angles opposite the legs.
the vertex angle is the angle opposite of the base.

41
Q

exterior angle

A

the angle formed when a side of a polygon is extended through a vertex. an exterior angle forms a linear pair with the polygon angle to which it is adjacent

42
Q

remote angle

A

a triangle exterior angle has two remotes. these angles of the triangle with which it is not adjacent

43
Q

parallel lines

A

lines are parallel when they are coplanar and do not intersect at just one point

44
Q

transversal

A

a transversal is a line that intersects each of two other coplanar lines at different points

45
Q

greater than

A

one quantity is greater than another when its is that other plus some positive quantity

46
Q

less than

A

one quantity is less than another when it is that other minus some positive quantity

47
Q

anisosceles

A

a triangle is anisosceles when it has a pair of unequal sides

48
Q

circle

A

a circle is the set of points on a given plan a given distance from a given point on that plane

49
Q

distance

A

the distance between two figures is the length of the shortest segment that joins a point on one to a point on the other

50
Q

parallelogram

A

a quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel

51
Q

rectangle

A

a quadrilateral with four right angles

52
Q

rhombus

A

a quadrilateral with four equal sides

53
Q

square

A

a rectangle rhombus

54
Q

trapezoid

A

a quadrilateral with precisely one pair of parallel sides

55
Q

isosceles trapezoid

A

a trapezoid whose legs are equal in length

56
Q

kite

A

a quadrilateral with two pairs of equal adjacent sides but not all sides equal

Finals (3 decks)

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