manipulation of immune responses

Question 1

The duration and intensity of the response is dependent on

Answer 1

“how much” a TLR is triggered

Question 2

high IL-10 is associated with

Answer 2

do better after a transplant

Question 3

mutations of IL-10 receptor is associated

Answer 3

IBD

Question 4

altering gut bacteria increases risk of

Answer 4

autoimmune disease

Question 5

TMMI used mainly for

Answer 5

intracellular pathogens

Question 6

Th17 used mainly for

Answer 6

fungal infections

Question 7

B cells

Answer 7

toxins and pathogens that resist phagocytosis and viruses

Question 8

T-cells

Answer 8

viruses

Question 9

how to make a vaccine

Answer 9

Understand the immunology
Fool the host into thinking an infection has occurred
Understand that not all people are going to respond

Question 10

Adjuvants

Answer 10

Provide a depot for prolonged antigen exposure by slow release
Induce innate immunity and prime APC by activating PRR like TLRs
Alum is the most common adjuvant for Th2 stimulation
Others are available for Th1 stimulation
make a virus more immunogenic

Question 11

CCL21

Answer 11

cytokine that converts T-cells into Tregs. Secreted by tumor cells to protect them from an immune response

Question 12

If a tumor converts all the T cells to Tregs then its only defense left is

Answer 12

NK cells- if the tumor displays its peptides on MHC class I

Question 13

PD-1 receptor

Answer 13

On T cells
Inhibits/kills T cells when engaged with PD-L1 and/or 2
Tumors can upregulated PD L1/2 on their surface
Any cytotoxic T cell attacking the tumor will be neutralized
Already several monoclonals available to inhibit the death signal and allow the CD8 cell to kill