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Pharmacology > Mandatory Memorized Drugs > Flashcards

Mandatory Memorized Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Adenosine:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: AV node blocker/antiarrhythmic
Dose: 6mg rapid push followed by flush, repeat once at 12mg if ineffective
Indications: Narrow complex SVT/AV node re-entry SVT
Complications: Not for use in wide complex SVT, caution with Dipyridamole and Carbamazepine

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2
Q

Albuterol:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Beta agonist
Dose: 2.5mg in 3mL NS nebulized, <2yo 0.2-0.6 mg/kg/day
Indications: bronchospasm
Complications: secondary beta-1 effects

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3
Q

Amiodarone:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Potassium channel blocker/all channel blocker, beta blocker
Dose: 300mg bolus, 150mg q4min in VFIB or PVT, 150mg over 10min followed 1mg/min drip for 6 hours in PVC/VTACH/SVA
Indications: SVAs, VTACH (larger dose if pulseless), VFIB
Complications: Use with caution in Torsade or for non ventricular rhythms, may prolong QT

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4
Q

Aspirin:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Salicylate
Dose: 324mg PO chewed and swallowed
Indications: chest pain
Complications: May exacerbate bleeding

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5
Q

Atropine:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Muscarinic blocking agent
Dose: 1mg q5 min. max of 3mg, Pediatric: 0.02mg/kg max 3x, IV
Indications: Bradycardia of suspected vagal cause
Complications: Long half life, anti-cholinergic symptoms in high doses

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6
Q

Calcium Chloride:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Alkaline cation, cell membrane stabilizer
Dose: 2-4mg/kg IV (5-10 mL 10% CaCl2 in most adults)
Indications: Hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, calcium channel blocker OD, Hypermagnesemia
Complications: Contraindicated in cardiac arrest not due to above reasons, causes tissue necrosis outside of blood vessels, contraindicated in patient on digoxin, CANNOT be given in the same line as sodium bicarbonate

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7
Q

Dexamethasone:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Glucocorticoid, anti-inflammatory
Dose: 4-24mg IV
Indications: Prevent or mitigate immune reaction, COPD, asthma
Complications: Long term effects include: GI bleed, poor healing, muscular atrophy, emotional changes

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8
Q

Diazepam:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Benzodiazepine
Dose: Adult: 2-5mg for sedation, 5-10mg for seizure IV or PR
Pediatric: 0.2-0.5mg/kg IV or PR
Indications: Seizure, sedation
Complications: Large doses cause respiratory depression and hypotension

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9
Q

Diltiazem:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Calcium channel blocker
Dose: 0.25mg/kg slow push followed by 5-15mg/hr drip titrated to rate control
Indications: Supra-ventricular tachyarrhythmias
Complications: Effects all muscle contractility, caution for AV blocks, CHF

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10
Q

Diphenhydramine:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Anti-histamine
Dose: 25-75mg
Indications: Allergic reaction, nausea, insomnia, sedation
Complications: Sedative properties, dries secretions

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11
Q

Dopamine:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Adrenergic agonist
Dose: 1-2mcg/kg/min: dilate renal and intestinal blood vessels, drop blood pressure
2-10mcg/kg/min: generalized beta effects, less potent than epinephrine
10-20mcg/kg/min: generalized alpha effects, less potent than norepinephrine
Indications:
Complications:

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12
Q

Droperidol:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Anti-psychotic
Dose: 2.5-10mg IM/IV for acute psychosis, 1.25mg to facilitate narcotics
Indications: Acute psychosis, facilitate actions of narcotics, narcotic induced hyperemesis
Complications: prolonged QT, extrapyramidal symptoms

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13
Q

Epinephrine:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Adrenergic agonist
Dose: Adult Anaphylaxis/Status Asthmaticus: 0.3-0.5mg IM (1:1,000), 0.05-0.1mg IV (1:10,000)
Pediatric Anaphylaxis/Status Asthmaticus: 0.01mg/kg IM (1:1,000), 0.01mg/kg IV (1:10,000)
Adult Cardiac Arrest: 1mg IV q3-5min. (1:10,000) double dose+ if via ET tube
Pediatric Cardiac Arrest: 0.01mg/kg IV (1:10,000)
Adult Bradycardia or Hypotension: 2-10mcg/min (1:10,000) IV infusion
Pediatric Bradycardia or Hypotension: 0.1-1mcg/kg/min (1:10,000) IV infusion
Indications: Anaphylaxis, status asthmaticus, cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, pulseless arrhythmias, symptomatic bradycardia which does not respond to atropine, vasopressor
Complications: IV dosage to be avoided in status asthmaticus, in anaphylaxis do not delay administration to obtain IV access, Strong sympathetic effects, use with caution and closely monitor patient

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14
Q

Etomidate:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Non-barbituate sedative
Dose: 0.2-0.4mg/kg
Indications: Sedation
Complications: May inhibit release of cortisol and aldosterone

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15
Q

Fentanyl:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Opiate analgesic
Dose: 1mcg/kg IV
Indications: Pain, sedation
Complications: hypotension, respiratory depression, nausea, highly addictive

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16
Q

Furosemide:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class:
Dose:
Indications:
Complications:

17
Q

Glucagon:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Pancreatic hormone
Dose: 1mg IV or IM, Pediatric <20kg: 0.5mg IV or IM
Indications: Hypoglycemia, calcium channel blocker or beta blocker overdose, obstructed esophagus
Complications: Hyperglycemia or lack of glycogen stores are relative contraindications, increases cardiac rate and contractility

18
Q

Haloperidol:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Anti-psychotic
Dose: 2-5mg IM/IV titrated to effect
Indications: Acute schizophrenia/agitated bipolar disorder
Complications: Prolonged QT, extrapyramidal symptoms

19
Q

Hydromorphone:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class:
Dose:
Indications:
Complications:

20
Q

Ipratropium:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Muscarinic antagonist
Dose: 0.5mg in 2.5mL nebulized 6-12yo 250-500mcg q20min, <6yo 250mcg, typically given with albuterol
Indications: bronchospasm
Complications: may block muscarinic receptors outside the lungs

21
Q

Ketamine:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class:
Dose:
Indications:
Complications:

22
Q

Ketorolac:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: NSAID
Dose: 15-30mg IV q3-4hr, 30-60mg IM q3-4hr
Indications: Pain, inflammation
Complications: Kidney disease, abdominal pain/trauma/bleeding, allergy or hypersensitivity to any NSAID

23
Q

Levalbuterol:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Beta-2 agonist
Dose: 0.31-1.25 mg nebulized, <5yo 0.31mg q8 hr
Indications: bronchospasm
Complications: More beta-2 selective than albuterol

24
Q

Lidocaine:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Sodium channel blocker
Dose: For VFIB/PVT: 1-1.5mg/kg bolus, followed by 0.5-0.75mg/kg up to 2 times to effect: if successful begin drip at 2-4mg/min, For VTACH or PVCs: 1mg/kg bolus followed by 0.5mg/kg up to 3mg/kg, drip protocol as above
Indications: Ventricular arrhythmias
Complications: Neurological effects in high doses

25
Q

Magnesium Sulfate:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Alkaline smooth muscle relaxant
Dose: For cardiac and asthmatic patients: 1-2g IV slow push, 0.5-1g/hr drip in cardiac patients, 2-4g IV slow push for eclampsia followed by 0.5-1g/hr drip
Pediatric: 25-50mg/kg IV over 10 minutes for torsade de pointe
Indications: Asthma, eclampsia, Torsade de pointe, symptomatic hypomagnesemia
Complications: Beta blockers preferred in pediatric patients with long QT syndrome, may cause respiratory depression

26
Q

Methylprednisolone:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Glucocorticoid, anti-inflammatory
Dose: 80-250mg IV
Indications: Prevention or mitigation of immune reaction
Complications: Long time to peak effect

27
Q

Midazolam:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Benzodiazepine
Dose: Adult: 2-5mg IV/IN
Pediatric: 0.2mg/kg IV/IN
Indications: Seizure, sedation
Complications: Large doses may cause respiratory depression and hypotension

28
Q

Morphine:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Opiate analgesic
Dose: 2-10mg IV/IM, Pediatric: 0.1mg/kg
Indications: Pain, pulmonary edema
Complications: hypotension, respiratory depression, nausea, highly addictive

29
Q

Naloxone:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Anti-opiate
Dose: 0.4mg titrated to effect to max of 2mg, IV or IN
Indications: Respiratory depression, suspicion of opiate overdose
Complications: May cause withdrawal, titrate only to return of respiratory effort

30
Q

Nitroglycerin:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Smooth muscle relaxant
Dose: 0.4mg sublingual q5min x3
Indications: Angina, hypertension
Complications: carefully monitor for drop in blood pressure

31
Q

Norepinephrine:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class:
Dose:
Indications:
Complications:

32
Q

Ondansetron:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Anti-emetic/GI relaxant
Dose: 4mg IV/IM, Pediatric <40kg: 0.1mg/kg
Indications: Nausea/vomiting, vertigo/motion sickness, nausea secondary to narcotics
Complications: Prolonged QT

33
Q

Racemic Epinephrine:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class:
Dose:
Indications:
Complications:

34
Q

Rocuronium:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Non-depolarizing NM agent/paralytic
Dose: 0.6mg/kg, 0.06mg/kg with succinylcholine to prevent fasciculations
Indications: paralyzation, long acting paralytic
Complications: Inability to manually control airway or long transport times are relative contraindications

35
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Alkaline buffering agent
Dose: 1mEq/kg IV, repeated q10min at 0.5mEq/kg to effect if blood gases available, bolus to effect in TCA overdose to counteract arrhythmias
Indications: Acidemia, Hyperkalemia, TCA overdose, Sometimes in prolonged cardiac arrest
Complications: Patient must be adequately ventilated to blow off CO2 for drug to have effect, CANNOT be administered in same line as Calcium Chloride or catecholamines, may cause alkalosis in patient, fluid overload, hypernatremia, hyperosmolality

36
Q

Succinylcholine:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class: Depolarizing NM blocker/paralytic
Dose: 1-1.5mg/kg Pediatric: 1.5-2mg/kg
Indications: Paralyzation
Complications: May cause fasciculations, contraindicated in neuromuscular disease, hyperkalemia, burn or crush injuries, kidney disease

37
Q

Vecuronium:
Route/Dose
Indications
Complications

A

Class:
Dose:
Indications:
Complications:

Pharmacology (1 decks)

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