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S20 Clin-Med > Malignancies > Flashcards

Malignancies Flashcards

1
Q

what is leukemia

A

neoplastic disorder of the blood and bone marrow

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2
Q

where are neoplastic cells derived?

A

myeloid or lymphoid cell lines

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3
Q

what are the subtypes of leukemia

A

chronic and acute

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4
Q

what is lymphoma

A

solid tumor in RES, mostly the lymph nodes

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5
Q

where does lymphoma come from

A

neoplastic lymphoid cells

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6
Q

clinical manifestation of leukemia

A

fatigue, MSK pain, HA

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7
Q

CBC leukemia

A

elevated WBC, decreased RBC/platelets

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8
Q

what is needed for a definitive diagnosis of leukemia

A

bone marrow biopsy

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9
Q

why would a lumbar puncture be preformed on someone with leukemia

A

to rule out CNS involvment

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10
Q

who gets AML

A

most common in adults

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11
Q

predisposing factors for AML

A

male
smoker
genetic (DS and trisomy 8)

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12
Q

findings in AML

A

auer rods in cytoplasm of the myeloblasts

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13
Q

prognosis for AML

A

varies with age

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14
Q

cause of CML

A

high dose radition

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15
Q

what is CML associated with

A

Philadelphia chromosome

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16
Q

findings in CML

A

basophilia and generalized granulocytosis with immature forms

17
Q

CML treatment

A

Gleevec, stem/bone cell transplant

18
Q

prognosis of CML

A

depends on stage at diagnosis and age

19
Q

who gets ALL

A

children, white

20
Q

prognosis of ALL

A

most favorable in kids

21
Q

peak incidence of ALL

A

2-5

22
Q

risk factor for ALL

A

down sydrome

23
Q

lymphadenopathy associated with malignancy

A

non-tender, solid and immobile

24
Q

findings in ALL

A

anemia, thrombocytopenia, low/normal wbc, lymphoblasts on smear

25
Q

treatment of ALL

A

chemo

26
Q

who gets CLL

A

older adults

27
Q

where does CLL come from

A

75% B cells

28
Q

findings in CLL

A

high WBC and smudge cell

29
Q

treatment of CLL

A 
asymp= no treatment but monitored every 3 months 
symp= chemo
30
Q

prognosis of CLL

A

mean survival 10 years

31
Q

how does lymphoma present

A

asymptomatic lymphadenopathy or fevers, HSM, weight loss and night sweats

32
Q

who gets hodgkin lymphma

A

bimodal age distribution

33
Q

what is hodgkin lymphoma associated with

A

EBV

34
Q

findings of hogkin lymphoma

A

reed-sternberg cells

35
Q

cause of hogkin lymphoma

A

B cell lymphoma

36
Q

cause of NHL

A

either b or t cell lymphoma

37
Q

who gets NHL

A

mostly adults

S20 Clin-Med (10 decks)

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