Male Reproductive Flashcards
Testes
Inguinal canal Scrotum -Cremaster muscle -Temperature control Seminiferous tubules -Spermatogenesis Interstitial cells -Testosterone
Male Reproductive Tract
Epididymis Ductus Deferens (vas deferens) Seminal vesicles Prostate Gland Semen Penis
Male Reproductive Hormones
Testosterone
FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)
LH (luteinizing hormone)
GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone)
Testosterone
From interstitial cells in testes
Responsible for “male” characteristics
FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)
From anterior pituitary
Stimulates spermatogenesis
LH (luteinizing hormone)
From anterior pituitary
Stimulates interstitial cells
GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone)
From hypothalamus
Stimulates LH and FSH secretion
Sexual Response Cycle (males)
Excitement Phase
Plateau Phase
Orgasmic Phase
Resolution
Excitement Phase
Erection
Plateau Phase
Increased respiration, increased muscle tension
Secondary sexual structures engorge
Orgasmic Phase
Biphasic
First is contraction of internal involuntary muscles
Second is contraction of voluntary skeletal muscles
Resolution
Males have a refractory period
Varies in length but tends to increase with age
Erection
Sexual stimulation
Release of cyclic GMP in penis
Spongy erectile tissue and arteries expand
Blood rushes into newly opened space
Penis engorges with blood
A full erection occurs when veins that normally drain blood away have been squeezed shut by erectile tissue.
Resolution (Phosphodiesterase type 5, PDE5)
Sterility
Low sperm count High % of abnormal sperm Impotence Disease Elective surgery
XX
XX is biologically female
