Making monoclonal antibodies

Question 1

what does an antibody bind to

Answer 1

the antigen on the pathogen

Question 2

what are antigens

Answer 2

protein molecules that are found on the surface of cells

Question 3

monoclonal antibodies are produced from what

Answer 3

a single clone of cells

Question 4

each antibody is specific to what

Answer 4

to one binding site on a specific protein antigen so that they can target specific cell sin the body or specific chemicals.

Question 5

steps of making a hybridoma cell

Answer 5

1. mouse is injected with antigens
2. this stimulates the mouse to produce lymphocytes to produce a specific antibody to the antigen
3. the lymphocytes are extracted from the mouses spleen
4. the lymphocytes is fused with the tumour cells
5. the hybridoma cells are cloned to create many identical cell
6. these are collected and purified

Question 6

how are monoclonal antibodies used for pregnancy tests

Answer 6

1. urine moves up test to reaction zone
2. mobile abs midm to the hormone HCG if present
3. mobile abs move down strip and fixed abs in test section bind to HCG
4. dye is released
5. mobile abs continue down and bind with other abs in the control window
6. dye is released to prove test worked