Major Blookd Vessels and the Lymphatic System Flashcards
The external jugular vein is quite a superficial feature in the neck, what does it run over?
The sternocleidomastoid muscle and internal jugular vein, with the common carotid artery under it.
Where do the carotid arteries arise from?
On the right, the subclavian and common carotid arteries arise from the brachiocephalic trunk and on the left, from the arch of the aorta.
The common carotid artery had no branches in the neck, but bifurcated at C4/the superior thyroid cartilage, but the subclavian artery does have neck branches. Name 3.
The vertebral artery, the internal thoracic and the thyrocervical arteries (which branches to give the inferior thyroid artery).
The __________ ______ has ascending and transverse cervical supply, the ______________ artery goes to the shoulder and the _________ _______ artery goes to the lower pole of the gland.
Thyrocervical trunk
Suprascapular
Inferior thyroid
Where does the vertebral artery (which comes off the subclavian) run?
Through the vertebral foramina of C1-6, then through the foramen magnum to supply the brain (with the ICA).
Which artery enters the skull through a canal in the petrous part of the temporal bone after giving off no cervical branches?
The internal carotid artery (carotid canal).
What are the borders of the carotid triangle?
Superior: posterior belly of the digastric,
Lateral: medial sternocleidomastoid,
Medial: superior belly of omohyoid.
The internal jugular vein runs lateral to the common carotid artery, hat pathology can commonly occur at the bifurcation?
Common site of atheroma, causing stenosis and, if rupture, can cause an embolus to the brain resulting in a stroke or TIA.
What’s the difference between the carotid sinus and the carotid body?
The carotid sinus is a swelling at the ICA in the region of the bifurcation, where baroreceptors may detect changes in blood pressure.
The carotid body is outside the artery, with a rich blood supply, holding the peripheral chemoreceptors to detect oxygen levels.
What is the importance of the carotid triangle?
It’s important for the surgical approach to the arteries/IJV (and to assess CNX + XII), you can feel the pulse and below the bifurcation a carotid sinus massage can increase vagal input to the heart to terminate a supraventricular tachycardia.
Once the internal carotid artery has entered the skull through the carotid canal, what is its course?
Once the ICA has entered the skull, it turns medially and horizontally then does an S shaped bend and courses through the cavernous sinus. Then the ICA has a tortuous course.
What is the cavernous sinus?
It is a plexus of thin walled veins and the upper surface of the sphenoid bone, which also contains CNIII, IV, as well as 2 branches (ophthalmic and maxillary) of CNV.
Which artery is the 1st branch off the internal carotid artery? Name 2 of its branches.
The ophthalmic artery, which later gives off the supratrochlear and the supraorbital arteries.
What is the phrase ‘Some Anatomists Like Freaking Out Poor Medical Students’ used for?
The 8 branches of the ECA: superior thyroid (1), ascending pharyngeal artery (4/5), lingual artery (2), facial artery (3), occipital artery (4/5), posterior auricular artery (7), maxillary artery (6), superficial temporal artery (8).
Which 2 branches of the ECA are terminal?
The maxillary artery and the superficial temporal artery.
