Macromolecules Flashcards
1
Q
Carbohydrates
A
- Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- Main source of energy
- 3 types: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
2
Q
Enzymes
A
- Look like proteins
- Salivary Amylase
- Maltase
- Lactase
3
Q
Proteins
A
- Made of amino acids
- Made of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- Forms stuff and causes and controls chemical reactions
4
Q
Unsaturated Fats
A
- Looks curved
- Doesn’t have hydrogen all around
- Olive oil
- Cooking oil
- Nuts
5
Q
Saturated Fats
A
- Looks uncurved
- Has hydrogen all around
- Butter
- Fat in meat
- Crisco
- Coconut oil
6
Q
Structural Proteins
A
- Look like proteins
- Keratins
- Collagen
- Silk
7
Q
Lipids
A
- Look like that giant thing with the most letters
- Fats (saturated or unsaturated)
- Oils
- Waxes
- Steroids
- Used for long term energy
8
Q
Polysaccharides
A
- Complex carb
- Looks like 3 or more football shapes
- Glycogen
- Chitin
- Cellulose
- Used for long/medium term energy
9
Q
Disaccharides
A
- Simple carb
- Looks like 2 football shapes
- Sucrose
- Maltose
- Lactose
- Used for quick energy
10
Q
Monosaccharides
A
- Simple carb
- Looks like 1 football shape
- Glucose
- Fructose
- Galactose
- Used for quick energy
11
Q
Nucleic Acids
A
- Compounds that contain hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and phosphorus
- Made up of nucleotides
- Store and transmit genetic information
- Nucleic acids include DNA and RNA
12
Q
DNA
A
- Master copy of an organism’s genetic code
- Contains instructions used to form all of an organism’s enzymes and structural proteins
- Uses the information stored in DNA to make the proteins
13
Q
Monomer
A
Small individual subunits
14
Q
Polymers
A
Monomers joined together to form large molecules
15
Q
Collagen
A
- Forms skin, ligaments, bones, and tendons
- Most abundant protein in the body
