Lymphatic System

Question 1

Describe the flow of interstitial fluid (with %) through general circulation within the lymphatic system

Answer 1

85% is returned to general circulation as plasma through veins
15% is collected by lymphatic capillaries, becoming lymph

Question 2

Describe how the 15% of interstitial fluid that becomes lymph is returned to general circulation

Answer 2

Once it is collected by lymphatic capillaries and becomes lymph it is filtered through various lymph nodes and is drained by lymphatic vessels where it will return to general circulation at the right and left subclavian veins

Question 3

Why can’t dietary fats be absorbed into blood capillaries?

Answer 3

Dietary fats become water soluble once emulsified by bile salts and they become too large to be absorbed into blood capillaries

Question 4

How are dietary fats absorbed?

Answer 4

Specialized lymphatic capillaries found within the intestinal villi called LACTEALS will absorb them

Question 5

Define chyle

Answer 5

Lymph absorbed from the digestive villi (lacteals) that has a high fat content

Question 6

Where are the sites of immune cell development and storage?

Answer 6

Lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus

Question 7

What is a molecule that stimulates production of antibodies?

Answer 7

Antigens

Question 8

What are antibodies primarily produced by?

Answer 8

B-lymphocyte derivatives known as plasma cells

Question 9

What is the primary function of lymphatic conduction vessels?

Answer 9

To absorb and transport lymph

Question 10

List the components of lymphatic conduction vessels from smallest to largest.

Answer 10

lymphatic capillaries, lymphatic vessels, lymphatic trunks, lymphatic ducts

Question 11

What is interstitial fluid?

Answer 11

Fluid between the cells of your tissues with less plasma proteins than plasma has

Question 12

Describe the exchange of fluid between plasma and interstitial fluid

Answer 12

More fluid is being filtered from plasma into interstitial fluid than the amount that is able to be reabsorbed and 3L is left behind for the lymphatic system

Question 13

Describe plasma

Answer 13

Extracellular matrix of blood with more plasma proteins

Question 14

Describe lymph

Answer 14

The same fluid as IF but within the lymphatic system and it is screened for the presence of foreign antigens to carry out an immune response

Question 15

Where do T-cells mature?

Answer 15

Thymus

Question 16

CD8 and CD4 T cells are both involved in what?

Answer 16

Adaptive immunity

Question 17

How do CD8 (cytotoxic) T cells function in immune responses?

Answer 17

Through cell mediated immunity in which the CD8 T cell directly binds to target and attacks human cells that don’t belong in the body

Question 18

How do CD4 (Helper) T cells function in immune responses?

Answer 18

Through antibody mediated immunity and cell mediated immunity where CD4 T cells and B cells become fully activated in order to participate in immune response

Question 19

Where do B cells mature?

Answer 19

Red Bone Marrow

Question 20

What is the mature form of a B cell and what does it do?

Answer 20

Plasma cell (activated) and they secrete antibodies

Question 21

How do B cells function in immune responses?

Answer 21

Through antibody mediated immunity in which they release antibodies to help respond to foreign antigens

Question 22

Describe how Natural Killer cells function

Answer 22

They function very similarly to CD8 T cells but they can attack a variety of cellular targets