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Anatomy THE Final > Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Origin and Insertion of Abductor Hallucis

A

O: Calcaneus (tuberosity), flexor retinaculum, and plantar aponsuerosis

I: Proximal phalanx - medial side (great toe) and medial sesamoid bone

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2
Q

Origin and Insertion of Adductor Hallucis (oblique head)

A

O: 2nd-4th metatarsal and peroneus longus (tendon of,)

I: Proximal phalanx - lateral side (great toe)

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3
Q

Origin and Insertion of Adductor Hallucis (transverse head)

A

O: Plantar metatarsophalangeal ligament 3rd-5th digits and the deep transverse metatarsal ligament

I: Proximal phalanx - lateral side (great toe)

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4
Q

Origin and Insertion of Flexor Hallucis Brevis

A

O: Cuboid bone, lateral cuneiform, and tibialis posterior (tendon of,)

I: Proximal phalanx - medial/lateral sides (great toe)

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5
Q

Origin and Insertion of Flexor Hallucis Longus

A

O: Fibula (distal two-thirds), interosseous membrane, and adjacent intermuscular septa

I: Distal phalanx (great toe)

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6
Q

Origin and Insertion of Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

O: Fibula (middle two-quarters) and adjacent interosseous membrane

I: Distal phalanx (great toe)

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7
Q

Origin and Insertion of Extensor Hallucis Brevis

A

O: Calcaneus (superior, lateral), talocalcancaneal ligament, and inferior extensor retinaculum

I: Proximal phalanx (great toe)

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8
Q

Origin and Insertion of Lumbricales

(insertion only)

A

I: Proximal phalanx - medial side and extensor digitorum longus tendon (dorsal expansion) 2nd-5th digits

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9
Q

Origin and Insertion of Plantar Interossei (III)

A

O: 3rd-5th metatarsal bones

I: Proximal phalanges - medial side (bases)

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10
Q

Origin and Insertion of Dorsal Interossei (IV)

A

O: Via two heads from the metatarsal bones

I: Proxmial phalanx and capsule of the metatarsophalangeal joint

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11
Q

Origin and Insertion of Flexor Digitorium Brevis

A

O: Calcaneus (medial process), plantar aponeurosis, and adjacent intermuscular septa

I; Middle phalanx 2nd-5th digits

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12
Q

Origin and Insertion of Quadratus Plantae (medial head)

A

O: Calcaneus - medial surface and long plantar ligament

I: Flexor digitorum longus tendon

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13
Q

Origin and Insertion of Quadratus Plantae (lateral head)

A

O: Calcaneus - plantar surface and long plantar ligament

I: Flexor digitorum longus tendon

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14
Q

Origin and Insertion of Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

O: Tibia (middle three-fifths) and fascia covering the tib. posterior.

I: Distal phalanges 2nd-5th

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15
Q

Origin and Insertion of Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

O: Lateral condyle (tibia), fibula (proximal three-quarters), interosseous membrane, adjacent intermuscular septa, and deep fascia

I: Via four tendons 2nd-5th digits divides, intermediate and lateral slips, to the middle phalanx and distal phalanx respectively

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16
Q

Origin and Insertion of Extensor Digitorum Brevis

A

O: Calcaneus - superior/lateral surfaces, talocalcaneal ligament, inferior extensor retinaculum (apex)

I: Via four tendons 1st-4th digits. The 1st is known as the extensor hallucis brevis, The 2nd-4th join the extensor digitorum longus

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17
Q

Origin and Insertion of Peroneus Tertius

A

O: Fibula (distal one-third), interosseous membrane, and adjacent intermuscular septum

I: 5th metatarsal (dorsal surface)

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18
Q

Origin and Insertion of Tibialis Anterior

A

O: Lateral condyle (tibia), interosseous membrane, intermuscular septum, and deep fascia

I: Medial cuneiform - medial/plantar surfaces and 1st metatarsal bone

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19
Q

Origin and Insertion of Tibialis Posterior

A

O: Tibia (posterior surface), fibula (proximal two-thirds), interosseous membrane, adjacent intermuscular septa, and deep fascia

I: Navicular bone (tuberosity), sustentaculum tali, three cuneiforms, cuboid, and 2nd-4th metatarsals

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20
Q

Origin and Insertion of Peroneus Longus

A

O: Lateral condyle (tibia), fibula (proximal two-thirds), intermuscular septa, and adjacent deep fascia

I: 1st metatarsal (lateral side) and medial cuneiform bone

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21
Q

Origin and Insertion of Peroneus Brevis

A

O: Fibula (distal two-thirds) and adjacent intermuscular septa

I: 5th metatarsal (lateral side)

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22
Q

Origin and Insertion of Soleus

A

O: Fibula (head and proximal one-third), Tibia (soleal line and middle one-third), and tendinous arch

I: Calcaneus (with the gastrocnemius)

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23
Q

Origin and Insertion of Gastrocnemius (medial head)

A

O: Medial condyle (femur) and knee joint capsule

I: Calcaneus (posterior surface)

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24
Q

Origin and Insertion of Gastrocnemius (latreal head)

A

O: Lateral condyle (femur) and knee joint capsule

I: Calcaneus (posterior surface)

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25
Q

Origin and Insertion of Plantaris

A

O: Lateral supracondylar line (femur) and oblique popluteal ligament

I: Calcaneus (posterior part)

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26
Q

Origin and Insertion of Popliteus

A

O: Lateral condyle (femur) and oblique popliteal ligament

I: Tibia (proximal to soleal line)

27
Q

Origin and Insertion of Semiteninosus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity

I: Tibia (proximal part & medial surface) and deep fascia of the leg

28
Q

Origin and Insertion of Semimembranosus

A

O: Ischial tuberosity (proximal and lateral to biceps femoris and semitendinosus)

I: Medial condyle (tibia)

29
Q

Origin and Insertion of Biceps Femoris (long head)

A

O: Ischial tuberosity and sacrotuberus ligament

I: Fibular head, lateral condyle (tibia) and deep fascia

30
Q

Origin and Insertion of Biceps Femoris (short head)

A

O: Linea aspera, supracondylar line, and lateral intermuscular septum

I: Fibular head, lateral condyle (tibia), and deep fascia

31
Q

Origin and Insertion of Quadriceps Femoris (rectus femoris - straight head)

A

O: Iliac spine (anteroinferior)

I: Patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity

32
Q

Origin and Insertion of Quadriceps Femoris (rectus femoris - reflected head)

A

O: Just superior to the acetabulum (groove)

I: Patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity

33
Q

Origin and Insertion of Quadriceps Femoris (vastus lateralis)

A

O: Intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, and lateral intermuscular septum

I: Patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity

34
Q

Origin and Insertion of Quadriceps Femoris (vastus medialis)

A

O: Intertrochanteric line, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, adductor longus and magnus tendons, and medial intermuscular septum

I: Patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity

35
Q

Origin and Insertion of Quadriceps Femoris (vastus intermedius)

A

O: Femur (proximal two-thirds), linea aspera, and lateral intermuscular septum

I: Patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity

36
Q

Origin and Insertion of Psoas Major

A

O: L1-L5 (transverse processes), intervertebral discs, and membraneous arches

I: Less trochanter (femur)

37
Q

Origin and Insertion of Iliacus

A

O: Iliac fossa (superior two-thirds), iliac crest, sacroiliac ligaments (iliolumbar & ventral), and ala (sacrum)

I: Psoas major tendon (lateral side)

38
Q

Origin and Insertion of Psoas Minor

A

O: T12-L1 (bodies) and intervertebral disc

I: Iliopectineal eminence, arcuate line (ilium), and iliac fascia

39
Q

Origin and Insertion of Sartorius

A

O: Iliac spine (anterosuperior) and iliac notch

I: Tibia (proximal/medial surface)

40
Q

Origin and Insertion of Tensor Fasciae Latae

A

O: Iliac crest (external lip), iliac spine (anterosuperior), and fascia lata (deep surface)

I: Iliotibial tract of the fascia lata

41
Q

Origin and Insertion of Pectineus

A

O: Pubis (superior ramus)

I: Pectineal line (femur)

42
Q

Origin and Insertion of Adductor Magnus

A

O: Pubis ramus (inferior), ischial ramus, and ischial tuberosity

I: Gluteal tuberosity (medial to,), medial supracondylar line, adductor tubercle, and medial condyle (femur)

43
Q

Origin and Insertion of Gracilis

A

O: Pubic symphysis (inferior) and inferior ramus (pubic bone)

I: Tibia (medial surface) … proximal to the insertion of the semitendinosus and lateral to the insertion of the sartorius

44
Q

Origin and Insertion of Adductor Brevis

A

O: Inferior ramus (pubis)

I: Pectineal line (distal two-thirds) and linea aspera (proximal half)

45
Q

Origin and Insertion of Adductor Longus

A

O: Pubis (anterior surface)

I: Linea aspera (middle one-third)

46
Q

Origin and Insertion of Piriformis

A

O: Sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament (pelvic surface) and greater sciatic foramen (margin)

I: Greater trochanter - superior border (femur)

47
Q

Origin and Insertion of Quadratus Femoris

A

O: Ischial tuberosity (lateral border)

I: Quadrate line (proximal) and the intertrochanteric crest

48
Q

Origin and Insertion of Obturator Internus

A

O: Obturator membrane and ischium posterior (pelvic surface), and the obturator fascia

I: Greater torchanter - medial surface (femur)

49
Q

Origin and Insertion of Obturator Externus

A

O: Pubic and ischail rami, obturator membrane (external surface)

I: Trochanteric fossa (femur)

50
Q

Origin and Insertion of Gemellus Superior

A

O: Ischial spine (external surface)

I: Greater trochanter - medial surface (femur) …with obturator internus

51
Q

Origin and Insertion of Gemellus Inferior

A

O: Ischial tuberosity (proximal part)

I: Greater trochanter - medial surface (femur) …with the obturator internus tendon

52
Q

Origin and Insertion of Gluteus Minimus

A

O: Ilium (external surface), greater sciatic notch (margin)

I: Greater trochanter - anterior border (femur) and hip joint capsule

53
Q

Origin and Insertion of Gluteus Medius

A

O: Ilium (external surface) and gluteal aponeurosis

I: Greater trochanter - oblique ridge & lateral surface (femur)

54
Q

Origin and Insertion of Guteus Maximus

A

O: Ilium (posterior gluteal line), sacrum (posterior surface), coccyx (side), erector spinae aponeurosis, sacrotuberous ligament, and gluteal aponeurosis

I: Iliotibial tract (fascia lata), gluteal tuberosity (femur)

55
Q

Muscles Innervated by the Lumbar Plexus

(3)

A

Quadratus Lumborum

Psoas Major

Psoas Minor

56
Q

Muscles Innervated by the Femoral n.

(4)

A

Iliacus

Pectineus

Sartorius

Quadriceps Femoris

57
Q

Muscles Innervated by the Obturator n.

(5)

A

Adductor Brevis

Adductor Longus

Gracilis

Obturator Externus

Adductor Magnus

58
Q

Muscles Innervated by the Gluteal n.

(4)

A

Gluteus Maximus

Gluteus Medius

Gluteus Minimus

Tensor Fascia Lata

59
Q

Muscles Innervated by the Sacral Plexus

(5)

A

Piriformis

Gemellus Superior

Gemellus Inferior

Obturator Internus

Quadratus Femoris

60
Q

Muscles Innervated by the Sciatic n.

(4)

A

Biceps Femoris Long Head

Biceps Femoris Short Head

Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

61
Q

Muscles Innervated by the Common Peroneal n.

(7)

A

Tibialis Anterior

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Peroneus Tertius

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Peroneus Longus

Peroneus Brevis

62
Q

Muscles Innervated by the Tibial n.

(6)

A

Plantaris

Gastrocnemius

Popliteus

Tibialis Posterior

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Flexor Hallucis Longus

63
Q

Muscles Innervated by the Medial Plantar n.

(4)

A

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Abductor Hallucis

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Lumbricales I

64
Q

Muscles Innervated by the Lateral Plantar n.

(8)

A

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Quadratus Plantae

Flexor Digiti Minimi

Oppons Digiti Minimi

Adductor Hallucis

Plantar Interossei

Dorsal Interossei

Lumbricales II, III, & IV

Anatomy THE Final (6 decks)

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