Localisation Of Brain Flashcards
Localisation of the brain
Different areas of brain perform different tasks + r involved in different parts of the body
What did scientists believe in before 19th century
Holistic theory of brain (all parts involved in processes)
Contralateral connections
Left side of brain controls right side of body e.g stroke on left hand side of brain affects right hand side of body
Ipsilateral connections
Less common but do occur, runs along one side of brain - so left hand side of brain controls left hand side of body
Phineas Gage case
Explosion - taking portion of left frontal lobe
Survived damage but different personality
Changed to quick tempered and rude from a calm and reserved person
Why was gage seen as a landmark case in science?
Change in his temperament due to accident suggested frontal lobe may be responsible for regulating mood
Motor cortex
Controls voluntary movement
Somatosensory cortex
Processes info about touch, pain, temperature, and position of Boyd’s
Brocas area
Responsible for production of speech
Auditory cortex
Processes info from our ears
Wernicke’s area
Responsible for understanding of language
Visual cortex
Processes information from our eyes
What is the cortex of bot hemispheres sub divided into? (4)
Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
Where is motor area and function
Back of frontal lobe in both hemispheres
Links brain to muscles + controls voluntary movements in OPP sides of body (contralateral) - hands/feet/tongue/face
Somatosensory area
Receives sensory info from skin senses (touch, heat, pressure)
Devoted to particular part - sensitivity ( receptors for face and hands occupy over half of somo area)
Situated at central sulcus + at front of p]both partial lobes
Visual area
Located in occipital lobe in back of brain
Visual processing begins in retina at back of eye where light enters.
Most nerves impulses terminate in thalamus which acts as a relay station passing info onto visual cortex
Visual cortex spans both hemispheres + connections r contralateral
Auditory area
Analyses speech based info + helps us hear so sensations is converted into perception
Auditory cortex spans both- located on both sides of brain ( helps us to hear )
Damage motor area =
Loss of control
Somatosensory area damage
Less sensitivity to touch
Visual area on left hemisphere damage
Blindness in part of right visual field of both eyes
Auditory area damage
Partial hearing loss + loss of ability to comprehend language
