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Biology > Lichen > Flashcards

Lichen Flashcards

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1
Q

The algal component of the lichen is called

A

Phycobiont

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2
Q

The fungal component of the lichen is called

A

phycobiont

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3
Q

Lichen

A

Dual organisms formed by the symbiotic associations between algae and fungi.

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4
Q

Some common names of Lichen

A

Cladonia rangiferina (reindeer lichen)
Usnea barbata (beard lichen)
Parmelia sulcata (common rock shield lichen)

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5
Q

The Phycobiont may contain what types of algae

A

Green algae (chrorphycophilous)
Blue green algae (cyanophycophillous)

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6
Q

Types of lichen are (on the basis of attachment to substratum)

A

Crutose lichen
Foliose lichen
Fruitocose lichen
Leprose lichen

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7
Q

Types of lichen are (on the basis of substrate of growing)

A

Corticolous
Follicolous
Saxicolous
Terricolous
Musicolous

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8
Q

Corticolous grown on

A

tree bark

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9
Q

follicolous grow on

A

leaves surfaces

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10
Q

saxicolous grow on

A

rock surfaces

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11
Q

terricolous grow on

A

soil

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12
Q

musicolous grown on

A

mosses

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13
Q

What kind of relationship is in lichen of algae and fungi

A

Symbiotic association/mutualism or (Master - slave relation)

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14
Q

Which is master and which is slave

A

Fungi is master and algae is slave

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15
Q

What does Fungi provide in lichen?

A

Protection, Anchor, Water

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16
Q

What does Algae provide in Lichen?

A

Food

17
Q

Lichen is important in the study of atmospheric pollution as

A

It is extremely reactant or sensitive to pollutant in the air especially SO2 pollution

18
Q

Crutose lichen definition

A

Type of lichen whose whole body is attached to substratum, cant be removed. To obtain it, the substratum itself should be removed

19
Q

Foliose lichen definition

A

Type of lichen whose certain body part get attached to substratum while some part dont get attached. They are leaf-like and can partially/partly be removed

20
Q

Fruticose lichen definition

A

Type of lichen whose all part can be removed. It is shrubby.

21
Q

Leprose lichen definition

A

Type of CRUTOSE lichen but which is in dust structure.

22
Q

Lichen get attached to substratum via what?

A

Via root-life structure

23
Q

Define Succession

A

process of replacing one community by another community

24
Q

Define population

A

Number of same species living in a particular place in a particular time period

25
Q

Define Community

A

Group of specific organism in a specific place in a specific time period

26
Q

Define vegetative parts

A

The parts which are developed from germination or birth of plants or animals including leaves, stems, and roots (for plants)

27
Q

Which is incorrect:
a) lichen are indicators of pollution
b) they grow rapidly about 2 cm per day
c) they are eaten by reindeer
d) symbiotic reln betn algae and fungi

A

correct: b) they grow rapidly about 2 cm per day
INCORRECT: Lichen are the slowest growing plant.

28
Q

Which which algae-fungi has the most combinations found in nature

A

Green algae (algae) with Ascomycetes (fungi)

29
Q

Much branched system but small thallus

A

Fru

30
Q

They form a crust over a surface like a boulder, soil, car or roof shangles

A

Crustose lichen

31
Q

Which lichen are the most primitive and pioneer lichen

A

Crustose lichen

32
Q

Lignicolous grow on

A

wood

33
Q

Types of reproduction in lichen

A

Vegetative reproduction
Asexual (Soredia, Isidia, Condia) -> reproductive structure
Sexual (Carpogonium -> Female reproduction organ
Spermogonium -> Male reproductive organ)

34
Q

Habit of lichen

A

Mutual reln between algae and fungi in which algae belong to blue green algae or green algae and fungi belong to ascomycetes or basidiomycetes

35
Q

Positive aspects / Importance of lichen

A
  • They are detectors of air pollution of sulfur dioxide
  • They can be used to make Ph indicators
  • They are eaten by reindeers
  • Some are used to cure dieseases like hydrophobia, lung diseases, etc.
  • To manufactor perfumes and cosmetics
36
Q

Negative aspects / Unimportance of lichen

A
  • Some lichen can be harmful when eaten or contacted with skin
  • They are biologically invasive
  • They take a long time to grow
  • Dry thall of Usnea in forest forms thick dry mat of tree branched which easily catches fire
  • Usnea causes allergies and rashes in human body
37
Q

Examples of lichen

A

Parmelia, Usnea, Graphis, etc

38
Q

What is xerosere

A

The gradual ecological succession in dry, arid environments where plants communities gradually establish and evolve

Biology (2 decks)

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