LESSON 7, 9, 10 Flashcards
_______is the functional exchange of ideas and thoughts that aims to be interactive
Oral communication
A “___________ and a
___________ two or
more interlocutors in oral
communication is more
than just a conversation.
“sight between” and a
“view between”
s. It is necessary that in the process of oral communication, a ________ of information and ideas is facilitated.
two-way flow
This type of communication requires the mastery
of speaking and listening skills.
Oral communication
Types of Speeches
According to Purpose
- Expository or Informative
- Persuasive
- Entertainment
meant to explain or describe facts, truths, and principles to educate audiences. Methods used in informing include definition, description, comparison and contrast, narration and demonstration (e.g., classroom lectures, biographical speech, acknowledgement speeches, speeches of tribute, keynote, commencement and commemorative addresses).
Expository or Informative
designed to convince and encourage listeners to reinforce, change, or adopt attitudes, beliefs, perceptions, convictions or values based on propositions presented. The most effective organizational patterns used in persuasive speeches are problem-solution, comparative advantages, cause-effect, reasongiving and motivated sequence (e.g. political campaigns, public debates, product launching sorties, privilege speeches).
Persuasive
delivered to provide fun, laughter, or invite listeners to join in any celebration (e.g., wedding, toasts, roast [short speeches of tribute developed with humorous jokes, stories, and examples of honorees), and after-dinner speeches
Entertainment
Types of Speeches According to Delivery
Reading from a manuscript
Memorized Speech
Impromptu speech
Extemporaneous speech
This is the most formal type of delivery and the most effective to have the greatest control on how the speech is worded.
Reading from a manuscript
This is the most challenging to get through. It is best used when accepting awards, introducing speakers, or making announcements; for speakers trained and practiced to memorize long passages of text; for presenting the same ideas a number of times (e.g., preachers and teachers).
Memorized Speech
This is delivered with little or no preparation, usually about a topic that the speaker knows well. It is “thinking on one’s feet” or “speaking off the cuff” (Beebe and Beebe, 2013) for it is usually presented with no guide notes or outline and with only a little time of advance notice for preparation.
Impromptu speech
This is researched and planned ahead of time but the exact wording is not scripted. It may make use of notes or an outline for guidance on key ideas, structure and delivery cues.
Extemporaneous
speech
Principles of Effective Speech Delivery
Articulation
Modulation
Facial expressions, gestures and movements
Stage presence
Rapport with the audience
Silence
producing clear and distinct sounds
Articulation
adequate volume of the voice accompanied by the appropriate pitch level and good voice quality.
Modulation
appropriateness and proper timing.
Facial expressions, gestures and movements
naturalness, composure and confidence before the listeners.
Stage presence
attentiveness to reactions or shifts in listening patterns; openness to questions raised.
Rapport with the audience
room for pauses and silence
Silence
Ten Commandments of Oral Communication
- Believe in what you say
- Believe in the people to whom you speak
- Live what you say
- Know when you say it
- Know why you say it
- Know how to say it
- Have fun saying it
- Show it as you say it
- Say it so people can own it
10.Say it so people will do it
is best described as the process of transmitting ideas and thoughts through the years for human survival.
evolution of communication
The evolution of communication is best described as?
as the process of transmitting ideas and thoughts through the years for human survival.
According to ancient Greeks, pigeons were great with directions
Carrier Pigeons
Tsai Lun invented paper during this time and used it to communicate
Paper
Who invented paper?
Tsai Lun
The first German newspaper was published when?
1650