Lesson 6- Axial and Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards
What does the axial skeleton consist of?
-skull
-vertebral column
-thoracic cage
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
-pectoral girdle
-upper limb
-pelvic girdle
-lower limb
What are the bones in the skull?
frontal bone, parietal bone, temporal bone, sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone, lacrimal bone, nasal bone, zygomatic bone, maxilla, mandible, vomer, palatine bone
What are the cranial bones?
frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, greater wing
What are cranial fossae?
depressions in the base of the skull that house the brain
Name the cranial fossae
anterior cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa, posterior cranial fossa, posterior
Name the fontanelles
anterior fontanelle, posterior fontanelle, mastoid fontanelle, sphenoid fontanelle
What are the paranasal sinuses?
ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, sphenoid
What do sinuses do?
make the skull lighter, resonate sound, linked with mucous membranes, mucous that drains into the nasal cavity warms and humidifies air
How many cervical vertebra are there?
7
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12
How many lumbar vertebrae are there?
5
How many fused sacrum vertrbrae are there?
5
How many fused coccyx vertebrae are there?
4
What does the sacral curvature consist of?
the sacrum and coccyx
What is a spine curvature abnormality called?
scoliosis
What are the weight-bearing structures in a vertebrae?
vertebral body and intervertebral disc
What is in the vertebral arch that surround and protects the spinal cord?
pedicle and lamina
What are the processes in vertebrae?
transverse, spinous, and articular
What is in the foramina?
vertebral foramen and intervertebral foramen
What are the vertebral column ligaments?
posterior longitudinal ligament, ligamentum flavum, interspinous ligaments, supraspinous ligament, anterior longitudinal ligament
What is the middle of the vertebral body called?
nucleus pulposis
What is the outer part of the vertebral body called?
annulus fibrosis
What is inbetween vertebral bodies?
annulus fibrosis
How many true ribs are there?
7
How many false ribs are there?
5
What is the pectoral girdle?
-clavicle and scapula
-bones are light and thin
-connects to the axial skeleton at the sternoclavicular joint
What bones are in the upper limb?
humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
What is the pelvic girdle?
-os coxae (ilium, ischium, pubis)
-bones are heavy and thick
-connects to the axial skeleton at the sacroiliac joint
What are the bones in the lower limb?
femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges,
How many tarsals are there?
7
How many carpals are there?
8
