Lesson 5 Genetics vocab

Question 1

particulate theory

Answer 1

inherited characteristics are determined by particular factors now called genes

• these genes occur in pairs (ie, everyone is diploid)
• when gametes form, these genes segregate so that only one of the homologous pair is in a particular gamete

Question 2

law of segregation

Answer 2

each gamete has an equal chance of possessing either member of a pair of homologous chromosomes

Question 3

Law of independent assortment

Answer 3

genes on nonhomologous chromosomes or different chromosomes will be distributed randomly into gametes

Question 4

alleles

Answer 4

alternative states of genes

Question 5

dominant

Answer 5

Capital letter, alleles that mask expression of other alleles

Question 6

recessive

Answer 6

little letter, alleles whose expression is masked by dominant alleles

Question 7

genotype

Answer 7

includes all the alleles present in the cell

Question 8

phenotype

Answer 8

the physical appearance of the trait

Question 9

homozygous

Answer 9

then paired alleles are identical

Question 10

heterozygeous

Answer 10

when alleles are different

Question 11

f1 or first filial

Answer 11

first generation of offspring

Question 12

simple dominance

Answer 12

dominant and recessive for one trait cross together

Question 13

incomplete dominance

Answer 13

this is because only half the amount of dominant protein is made NOT THAT THE PHENOTYPE IS BLENDED INTO PINK ITS ACTUALLY LIGHT RED

Question 14

lethal inheritance

Answer 14

inheriting a gene that kills the offspring

Question 15

codominance

Answer 15

when both alleles contribute to the phenotype of a heterozygote

Question 16

antigens

Answer 16

compounds on the surface of red blood cells

Question 17

antimbodies

Answer 17

proteins produced to counter an antigen

Question 18

Rh factor

Answer 18

Rh factor is a type of protein on the surface of red blood cells

Question 19

pedigree

Answer 19

a consistent graphical presentation of matings and offspring over multiple generations

Question 20

transposons

Answer 20

A transposable element is a DNA sequence that can change its position within a genome

Question 21

GO AND READ THE BOOK

Answer 21

ha

Question 22

gene

Answer 22

is a unit of heredity on a chromosome

Question 23

monohybrid cross

Answer 23

crosses involving only one trait

Question 24

dihybrid cross

Answer 24

cross involving two traits

Question 25

agglutination

Answer 25

when blood cells stick and clump together

Question 26

antigens vs antibody?

Answer 26

a toxin or other foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.is ANTIGEN antibody is made in response

Question 27

location of a gene on a chromosome

Answer 27

locus