Lesson 22: Genomics

Question 1

What does BAC stand for and what is it used for?

Answer 1

Bacterial Artificial Chromosome
–Helps create a library of all the DNA in the human genome in E-Coli cells (genes in BAC’s are usually about 160 kBp long)

Question 2

How long are DNA sequences in plasmids when DNA sequencing is being performed?

Answer 2

About 1000 bp

Question 3

How many genes are thought to exist in the human genome?

Answer 3

30,000-35,000

Question 4

What are microsatellites?

Answer 4

Repeating units made of 1 to 5 bases

Question 5

What are minisatellites?

Answer 5

Repeating units made of 6 to 500 bases

Question 6

In Eukaryotes, what is the major mechanism of introducing new genes into the genome?

Answer 6

Duplication followed by divergence

Question 7

What is the difference between an ORF and a gene?

Answer 7

An ORF is a potential protein-coding region, whereas a gene is a known protein-coding region

Question 8

What is a DNA microarray used for?

Answer 8

Used to infer how different cell types and tissues (even between species) have different functions due to the expression of different proteins

Question 9

What is a polyploid?

Answer 9

It is the result of gene duplication ocurring to its ultimate extent, doubling all genes in a genome

Question 10

How many microsatellite repeat alleles in a child come from the father?

Answer 10

1/2

Question 11

What is lateral gene transfer?

Answer 11

The transfer of genes between species

Question 12

What is a transposable element?

Answer 12

A parasitic segment of DNA capable of moving from one location to another in a genome