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Lesson 1 > Lesson 1 > Flashcards

Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Combining form

A

A word root that has a vowel, usually the letter “o” put on the end before the addition of another word root or a suffix. Word root with a combining vowel added at the end, used when two Word roots are combined or when a suffix beginning with a consonant is added. This is shown with a back splash / between the word root and the combining vowel.

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2
Q

Suffixes

A

The word part attached at the end of a word that usually, but not always, indicates the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease. Suffix is shown with a hyphen preceding it.

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3
Q

Prefixes

A

The word part attached at the beginning of a word that usually, but not always, indicates location, time, number, or status. Prefix is shown followed by a hyphen

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4
Q

-algia
(Word part)

A

Pain, suffering

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5
Q

Dys-
(Word part)

A

Bad, difficult, or painful

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6
Q

-ectomy
(Word part)

A

Surgical removal, cutting out

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7
Q

Hyper-
(Word part)

A

Excessive, increased

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8
Q

Hypo-
(Word part)

A

Deficient, decreased

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9
Q

-itis
(Word part)

A

Inflammation, also commonly used to indicate infection

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10
Q

-osis
(Word part)

A

Abnormal condition, disease

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11
Q

-ostomy
(Word part)

A

The surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface

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12
Q

-otomy
(Word part)

A

Cutting, surgical incision

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13
Q

-plasty
(Word part)

A

Surgical repair

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14
Q

-rrhage
(Word part)

A

Bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge

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15
Q

-rrhaphy
(Word part)

A

Surgical suturing to close a wound and includes the use of sutures, staples or surgical glue

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16
Q

-rrhea
(Word part)

A

Flow, discharge

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17
Q

-rrhexis
(Word part)

A

Rupture

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18
Q

-sclerosis
(Word part)

A

Abnormal hardening

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19
Q

Abdominocentesis

A

Ab-dom-ih-noh-sen-tee-sis
The surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes

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20
Q

Arthralgia

A

Ar-thral-jee-ah
Pain in a joint or joints

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21
Q

Erythrocyte
(Pron.)

A

Eh-rith-roh-sight

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22
Q

Fistula
(Pron. Meaning)

A

Fis-chuh-lah
Abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body. Fistula may be due to surgery, injury, or the draining of an abscess.

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23
Q

Hemorrhage

A

Hem-or-idj
The loss of a large amount of blood in a short time

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24
Q

Myorrhexis

A

My-oh-reck-sis
The rupture of a muscle

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25
Q

Neurorrhaphy
(Pron.)

A

New-ror-ah-fee

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26
Q

Otorhinolaryngology
(Pron. And meaning)

A

Oh-toh-rye-noh-lar-in-gol-oh-jee
Ot/o means ear, rhino means nose, laryng means throat, -ology means study of

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27
Q

Poliomyelitis
(Pron.)

A

Poh-lee-oh-my-eh-lye-tis

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28
Q

Four types of word parts

A

Word roots, combing forms, suffixes, prefixes

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29
Q

Word root

A

Contains basic meaning of the term. Usually, but not always, indicates the involved body part

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30
Q

Cyan/o

A

Blue. Cyanosis is blue discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood. Cyan means blue, -osis means abnormal condition or disease

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31
Q

Erythr/o

A

Red. Erythrocyte, eh-rith-roh-sight, mature red blood cell. Erythr/o means red, -cyte means cell

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32
Q

Leuk/o

A

White. Leukocyte, white blood cell. Leuk/o means white, -cyte means cell

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33
Q

Melan/o

A

Black. Melanosis, any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues or organs. Melan means black, -osis means abnormal condition or disease

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34
Q

Poli/o

A

Gray. Poliomyelitis, poh-lee-oh-my-eh-lye-tis, viral infection of the gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord. Poli/o means gray, myel means spinal cord, -itis means inflammation

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35
Q

Gastroenteritis

A

Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine. Gast - stomach, o, enter - small intestine, itis - inflammation

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36
Q

Neuroplasty

A

Surgical repair of a nerve

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37
Q

Neurorrhaphy

A

Suturing together the ends of a severed nerve

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38
Q

Tonsillitis

A

Inflammation of the tonsils

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39
Q

Tonsillectomy

A

Surgical removal of the tonsils

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40
Q

Cranium

A

Portion of the skull that encloses the brain. Crani means skull, -um is a noun ending

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41
Q

Suffixes as noun endings
-a
-e

A

-a is -um, also -y
-e is -us

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42
Q

Suffixes meaning pertaining to
-ac
-al
-an
-AR
-ary

A

Used to change the meaning of the word root into an adjective
-ac is -eal, also -ior
-al is -ical, also -ory
-an is -ial, also -ous
-ar is -ic, also -tic
-ary is -ine

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43
Q

Suffixes meaning abnormal condition or disease
-ago
-esis
-ia

A

-ago is -iasis, also -osis
-esis is -ion
-ia is -ism

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44
Q

Suffixes related to pathology

A

Study of all aspects of diseases. Suffixes related to pathology describe specific disease conditions.

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45
Q

-dynia

A

Another suffix meaning pain. Same meaning as -algia but not as common

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46
Q

-megaly

A

Enlargement

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47
Q

-malacia

A

Abnormal sofetening

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48
Q

-necrosis

A

Tissue death

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49
Q

-stenosis

A

Abnormal narrowing

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50
Q

Suffixes related to procedures

A

Some suffixes identify the procedure that is performed on the body part indicated by the word root

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51
Q

-centesis

A

Surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid

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52
Q

-graphy

A

The process of producing a picture or record

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53
Q

-gram

A

Picture or record

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54
Q

-scopy

A

Visual examination

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55
Q

Double R suffixes

A

They are grouped together to help you understand and to remember the differences

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56
Q

-rrhagia

A

Bleeding, often describe sudden, severe bleeding

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57
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

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58
Q

Ab-

A

Prefix meaning away from, negative, absent

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59
Q

Ad-

A

Toward, to, in the direction of. Prefix

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60
Q

Dextr/o

A

Right side, prefix

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61
Q

Sinistr/o

A

Left side, prefix

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62
Q

Ex-

A

Out of, outside, away from. Prefix

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63
Q

In-

A

In, into, not, without. Prefix

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64
Q

Macro-

A

Large, abnormal size, or long. Prefix

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65
Q

Micr/o, micro-

A

Small. Prefix

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66
Q

Mega-, megal/o

A

Large, great. Prefix

67
Q

Pre-

A

Before. Prefix

68
Q

Post-

A

After, behind . Prefix

69
Q

Prenatal

A

Time and event before birth. Pre- means before, nat means birth, -al means pertaining to

70
Q

Perinatal

A

Refers to the time and events surrounding birth. Peri- means surrounding, nat means birth, -al means pertaining to. This is the time just before, during, and just after birth

71
Q

Postnatal

A

Refers to the time and events after birth. Post- means after, nat means birth, -al means pertaining to

72
Q

Eu-

A

Good, normal, well or easy

73
Q

Inter-

A

Between or among

74
Q

Intra-

A

Within or inside

75
Q

Sub-

A

Under, less, or below

76
Q

Super-, supra-

A

Above or excessive

77
Q

Context

A

Some word parts have more than one meaning. It is necessary to determine the context in which the term is being used. Context means to determine which body system this term is referring to

78
Q

Otolaryngology
(Pron. And meaning)

A

Oh-toh-lar-in-gol-oh-jee
Study of the ears and throat. Ot/o means ears, laryng means throat, -oligy means study of

79
Q

-a
Plural ending

A

-ae

80
Q

-ex or -ix
Plural ending

A

-ices

81
Q

-is
Plural ending

A

-es

82
Q

-itis
Plural ending

A

-ides

83
Q

-nx
Plural ending

A

-ges

84
Q

-on
Plural ending

A

-a

85
Q

-um
Plural ending

A

-a

86
Q

-us
Plural ending

A

-i

87
Q

Sign

A

Objective evidence of disease, such as a fever

88
Q

Objective

A

Sign can be evaluated or measured by the patient or others

89
Q

Symptom

A

Subjective evidence of a disease, such as pain or a headache

90
Q

Subjective

A

It can be evaluated or measured only by the patient

91
Q

Syndrome

A

Set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process

92
Q

Diagnosis

A

Identification of a disease

93
Q

Diagnose

A

Process of reaching a diagnosis

94
Q

Differential diagnosis

A

Also known as rule out, r/o, an attempt to determine which one of several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms that are present

95
Q

Prognosis

A

Prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease

96
Q

Acute

A

Condition has a rapid onset, a severe course, and a relatively short duration

97
Q

Chronic

A

Condition is of long duration. Although such diseases can be controlled, they are rarely cured

98
Q

Remission

A

Temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure

99
Q

Disease

A

Condition in which one or more body parts are not functioning normally.

100
Q

Eponym

A

A disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first

101
Q

Acronym

A

Word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term.

102
Q

Arteri/o

A

Artery

103
Q

Endarterial

A

Pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery. End- means within, arteri means artery, -al means pertaining to

104
Q

Ather/o

A

Plaque or fatty substance

105
Q

Atheroma

A

Fatty deposit within the wall of an artery. Ather means fatty substance, -oma means tumor

106
Q

Arthr/o

A

Joint

107
Q

Arthalgia

A

Pain in a joint or joints. Arthritis means joint, -algia means pain

108
Q

Colostomy

A

Surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and body surface. Col means colon, -ostomy means surgical creation of an artificial opening

109
Q

Fissure

A

A groove or crack-like sore of the skin

110
Q

ileum

A

Last and longest portion of the small intestine

111
Q

ilium

A

Part of the hip bone

112
Q

Infection

A

Invasion of the body by a pathogenic (disease-producing) organism. The infection can remain localized (near the point of entry) or can be systemic (affecting the entire body). Signs and symptoms include malaise, chills, fevers, redness, heat, swelling, or exudate from a wound

113
Q

Malaise

A

French origin referring to a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection or other disease

114
Q

Exudate

A

A fluid, such as puss, that leaks out of an infected wound

115
Q

Inflammation

A

Localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues.

116
Q

Key indicators of inflammation

A

Erythema, hyperthermia, edema, pain
These are caused by extra blood flowing into the area as part of the healing process

117
Q

Erythema

A

Redness

118
Q

Hyperthermia

A

Heat

119
Q

Edema

A

Swelling

120
Q

Laceration

A

A torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut

121
Q

Lesion

A

A pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury

122
Q

Mucous

A

Specialized membranes that line the body cavities

123
Q

Mucus

A

Name of the fluid secreted by these mucous membranes

124
Q

Myc/o

A

Fungus

125
Q

Mycosis

A

Any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus. Myc means fungus, -osis means abnormal condition or disease

126
Q

Myel/o

A

Bone marrow or spinal cord

127
Q

Myelopathy

A

Any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord. Myel/o means spinal cord or bone marrow, -pathy means disease

128
Q

-ologist

A

Specialist

129
Q

Palpation

A

Examination technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts

130
Q

Palpitation

A

Pounding or racing heart

131
Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis, which is a part of a kidney

132
Q

Py/o

A

Pus

133
Q

Pyoderma

A

Any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo. Py/o means pus, -derma means skin

134
Q

Pyr/o

A

Fever or fire

135
Q

Pyrosis

A

Heartburn, discomfort due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus. Pyr means fire, -osis means abnormal condition or disease

136
Q

Supination

A

Act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward

137
Q

Suppuration

A

Formation or discharge of pus

138
Q

Triage

A

Medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and the proper place of treatment

139
Q

Trauma

A

Wound or injury.

140
Q

Viral

A

Pertaining to a virus. Vir means virus or poison, -al means pertaining to

141
Q

Virile

A

Having the nature, properties or qualities of an adult male

142
Q

Myopathy

A

Any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue

143
Q

-pathy

A

Any pathologic change or disease

144
Q

Hypotension

A

Lower than normal blood pressure

145
Q

Angiography

A

The process of recording a radiographic study of the blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium

146
Q

Supracostal

A

Above or outside the ribs

147
Q

Intramuscular

A

Medication was placed directly within the muscle

148
Q

Abdominocentesis

A

Remove excess fluid from her abdomen

149
Q

Acronym

A

A word formed from the initial letters of the major parts of a compound term

150
Q

Appendectomy

A

Surgical removal of the appendix

151
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

Abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries

152
Q

Colostomy

A

The surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface

153
Q

Diarrhea

A

The frequent flow of loose or watery stools

154
Q

Edema

A

Swelling caused by excess fluid in body

155
Q

Gastralgia

A

Pain in the stomach

156
Q

Gastrosis

A

Any abnormal condition or disease of the stomach

157
Q

Hepatomegaly

A

Abnormal enlargement of the liver

158
Q

Hypertension

A

Higher than normal blood pressure

159
Q

Interstitial

A

Between, but not within, the parts of a tissue

160
Q

Intramuscular

A

Within the muscle

161
Q

Myelopathy

A

Any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord

162
Q

Myopathy

A

Any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue

163
Q

Neonatology

A

Study of disorders of the newborn

Lesson 1 (3 decks)

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