Lecture 9- Emotiom Flashcards
What deficits are observed in interpreting emotions related to the amygdala?
Good at recognizing happy and sad, but does not recognize fear when there is a lesion in the amygdala.
Patient SM was also unable to draw fear as an emotion.
Who claimed a widespread universality of emotional expressions?
Darwin
Darwin wrote ‘The Expression of Emotion in Man and Animals’.
What are the 6 basic emotions identified by researchers?
- Happy
- Sad
- Fear
- Anger
- Surprise
- Disgust
Ekman and Friesen studied emotions across different cultures.
What is the circumflex model of emotions?
A model that conceptualizes emotions on two scales: activation-deactivation and unpleasant-pleasant.
This model helps in understanding the range of emotional experiences.
What does the limbic system include?
- Amygdala
- Hippocampus
It is involved in the integration of inputs and expression of emotion.
What theory posits that bodily responses precede the emotional experience?
James-Lange theory
This theory suggests that emotion is a result of the body’s reaction.
What is the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion?
The theory that the brain processes fear and triggers a bodily response simultaneously, independent of visceral feedback.
This was demonstrated in experiments with cats.
What phenomenon results from pairing a neutral stimulus with an aversive one?
Fear conditioning
This is an effective method for triggering fear responses.
What does skin conductance measure in relation to emotions?
It increases when scared, indicating emotional arousal.
Skin conductance is utilized in lie detectors.
What is the role of the orbitofrontal cortex in emotional processing?
It estimates value and is involved in reward processing alongside the amygdala.
This area is crucial for understanding emotional significance.
What are the two types of learning systems associated with emotion?
- Hippocampus: mediates learning by awareness
- Amygdala: mediates conditioned autonomic responses
The amygdala also aids in retaining hippocampus-dependent memories.
How does patient SM’s vision affect her ability to recognize emotions?
She primarily looks at the nose, not the eyes, which limits her recognition of fear.
Fear is often detected through the eyes.
What does an increased visibility of the whites of the eyes indicate?
It is interpreted as fear.
The more white visible, the more fear is perceived.
What is the relationship between implicit attitudes and amygdala activation?
Implicit attitudes correlate with amygdala activation.
This suggests a neural basis for emotional responses.
Which brain regions are associated with emotional processing of implicit attitudes?
- Right orbitofrontal cortex
- Anterior cingulate
These areas are involved in emotional regulation and processing.
