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Marine Invertebrates > Lecture 8 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 Flashcards

Who’s first?

1
Q

Traditional hypothesis

A
  • Bilateria - neural system, muscles
  • Cnidaria - neural system, muscles
  • Placozoa - no neurons, no muscles
  • Ctenophora - neural system, muscles
  • Porifera - no neurons, no muscles
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2
Q

Recently argued hypothesis

A
  • Bilateria - neural system, muscles
  • Cnidaria - neural system, muscles
  • Placozoa - no neurons, no muscles
  • Porifera - no neurons, no muscles
  • Ctenophora - neural system, muscles
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3
Q

Homoplasy

A

Misleading phylogenetic traits, often the result of convergent evolution
ie. presence of wings

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4
Q

Symplesiomorphy

A

Ancestral trait shared by two or more lineages within a clade. Does not help to distinguish phylogeny
ie. body segmentation

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5
Q

Synapomorphy

A

Ancestral trait shared exclusively by all evolutionary descendants. Shows monophyletic relationships
ie. cnidae of cnidarians; debatably the nervous system of eumetazoans

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6
Q

Orthogenesis

A
  • Complexity has a constant direction (absolete)
  • Evolution has no directed goal, it occurs randomly
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7
Q

Placozoa (secondary simplification)

A

Simpler in morphology than all other animals

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Marine Invertebrates (17 decks)

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