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Physio Exam 4 (shelby) > Lecture 52 > Flashcards

Lecture 52 Flashcards

1
Q

what does the stomach generate to hydrolyze & unfold proteins

A

HCL

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2
Q

primary function of the large intestine

A
  • water reabsorption
  • fermentation
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3
Q

What organs/structures support the GIT system

A
  • Salivary glands
  • Pancreas
  • Liver
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4
Q

which surface of GIT tract faces the lumen

A

mucosal

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5
Q

which surface of the GIT wall that faces the blood

A

serosal

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6
Q

epithelial cells that secrete and absorb nutrients

A

mucosal cells

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7
Q

contains connective tissue, blood, and lymph

A

lamina propria

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8
Q

smooth muscle cells that change the shape and surface area of epithelial cells

A

muscularis mucosae

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9
Q

has collagen, elastin, and blood vessels

A

submucosal layer

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10
Q

two layers most superficial under ther serosal layer

A
  • circular muscular layer
  • longitudinal muscular layer
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11
Q

what ganglia is between the submucosa and circular layer of the GIT wall

A

submucosal / meissners plexus

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12
Q

what ganglia is between the circular and longitudinal layer

A

myenteric/ aurbachs plexus

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13
Q

is the extrinisic compnent of the GIT sympathetic or parasympathetic innervation

A

both

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14
Q

where does the intrinsic (enteric) component live

A

submucosal/ myenteric plexus

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15
Q

t/f : intrinsic ( enteric) component can operate independently of the brain and spinal cord

A

T

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16
Q

intrinsic ( enteric ) nervous system communicated via what type of neurons

A

INTERneurons

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17
Q

how can the enteric nervous system control functions of GIT in absence of extrinsic

A

short reflex arc

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18
Q

is the enteric compnent of the GIT sympathetic or parasympathetic innervation

A

both

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19
Q

The ganglia of myenteric and submucosal plexuses in the gastrointestinal tract are characterized by their ability to

A

Receive sensory information and send motor signals to various cell types

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20
Q

What are the functions controlled by the enteric nervous system

A
  • Contractile
  • Secretory
  • Endocrine
21
Q

t/f: Enteric neurons have the ability to release
neurotransmitters/neuromodulators from vesicles &
synaptic terminals

A

T

22
Q

where are neurocrines found

A

neurons of the enteric nervous system

23
Q

what are neurocrines

A

neurochemicals

24
Q

what controls acivitiy of neurotransmitters

A

neuromodulators

25
Q

most neurons of the ENS can secrete two or more

A

neurocrines

26
Q

Parasympathetic innervation of GIT is supplied by which nerve(s)

A

both vegas and pelvic

27
Q

innervates upper GIT, specifically muscle of upper 1/3 of esophagus, wall of stomach, SI and ascending colon

A

vagus

28
Q

innervates lower GIT, specifically muscle of external anal canal and wall of colon

A

pelvic

29
Q

does the parasympathetic nervous system have long or short PRE ganglionic fibers synapsing in ganglia / near target fibers

A

LONG

30
Q

where are PSNS preganglionic neurons found

A

submucosal/ myenteric plexus

31
Q

parasympathetic POST ganglionic neurons are classified as

A

cholinergic

32
Q

vagus nerves are mixed ______ afferent and ______ efferent

A

75%;25%

33
Q

reflexes in both afferent and efferent limbs are contained in which part of the vagus nerve

A

vagovagal reflexes

34
Q

these fibers in vagus nerve deliver sensory info from periphery to CNS

A

afferent

35
Q

these fibers in the vagus nerve deliver motor info from CNS to target tissues

A

efferent

36
Q

does the sympathetic nervous system have long or short PRE ganglionic fibers synapsing in ganglia / near target fibers

A

short

37
Q

What ganglia have sympathetic innervation of GIT

A

Celiac
Cranial/caudal mesenteric
Hypogastric

38
Q

Regarding postganglionic adrenergic nerve fibers from sympathetic ganglia, these fibers can:

A

Synapse on myenteric and submucosal plexus ganglia OR directly innervate smooth muscle, endocrine, or secretory cells

39
Q

sympathetic nerve fibers are mixed ______ afferent and ______ efferent

A

50%:50

40
Q

List the two neurotransmitters

A

AcH
NE

41
Q

List the neuromodulators

A
  • VIP
  • GRP
  • Opiates
  • Neuropeptide Y
  • Substance P
42
Q

cholinergic neurons

A

ACH

43
Q

What is the neurotransmitter that contracts smooth muscle in wall, relxation of sphincters, Increase saliva, increase gastric secretion, increase pancreatic secretion

A

ACH

44
Q

adrenergic nerurons

A

NE

45
Q

Which neurocrine is used for relaxation of smooth muscle in wall, contraction of sphincters, increase in saliva secretion ONLY

A

NE

46
Q

What neuromodulatrs are from the mucosa GIT

A

Neuropeptide Y
VIP
Substance P

47
Q

causes increase in gastrin secretion

A

Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP)

48
Q

causes relaxation of smooth muscle, increases both intestinal and pancreatic secretion

A

vasoactive intestingal peptide (VIP)

49
Q

neuropeptide Y causes

A

relaxation of smooth muscle and decreased intestinal secretion

Physio Exam 4 (shelby) (14 decks)

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