Lecture 4 - Lipid Probs

Question 1

____ releases free fatty acids from lipoproteins and chylomicrons

Answer 1

lipoprotein lipase

Question 2

lipoproteins:____ is secreted by the liver and delivers TGs to peripheral tissue.

Answer 2

VLDL; TG depleted source = IDL

Question 3

lipoproteins:____ is secreted by the liver and intestine and transports cholesterol from the periphery to the liver. this process is called ____

Answer 3

HDL, reverse cholesterol transport

Question 4

lipoproteins:____ deliver dietary TG’s to the peripheral tissues and liver. it is secreted by ____ cells

Answer 4

chylomicrons;intestinal epithelial

Question 5

lipoproteins: LDL delivers ____ to the peripheral tissues and is the main transporter in the blood

Answer 5

cholesterol

Question 6

apoliproteins: A1 produced in liver/intestine. which liporoteins have this? What does it do?

Answer 6

HDL, chylomicrons;mediates reverse cholesterol tranpsort (activates LCAT)

Question 7

apolipoproteins: Apo B100 is produced where? what is it found on ? what does it do?

Answer 7

liver;VLDL, IDL, LDL;binds LDL receptor

Question 8

apolipoproteins:____ is found only in chylomicrons and is produced in the small intestine. what does it do?

Answer 8

ApoB48; mediates chylomicron secretion

Question 9

Apolipoproteins: ApoE is found on what lipoproteins?What does it do? Produced in liver and intestine

Answer 9

all except LDL;mediates chylomicron remnant uptake

Question 10

ApoCII is found on what lipoproteins? What is its function?

Answer 10

chylomicrons, VLDL, HDL;LPL cofactor (ie binds LPL and activates it)

Question 11

what lipoprotein is involved in the exogenous pathway of lipid metabolism?

Answer 11

chylomicrons

Question 12

what enzyme catylyzes esterifcation of cholesterol?

Answer 12

LCAT

Question 13

what does CETP do?

Answer 13

mediates transfer of cholesterol esters to other lipoproteins

Question 14

what lipoprotein ratio is key to assessing risk of coronary vascular disease? what is the ratio?

Answer 14

total cholesterol : HDL cholesterol;values over 4.5 are concerning

Question 15

familial hypercholesterolemia is a ____ disorder caused by absent or defective ______ or a defect in apo____

Answer 15

AD;

LDL receptors; b100

Question 16

familial hypercholesterolemia:

characterized by increased ____ and _____ levels. accelerated ____, tendon ____, and corneal _____

Answer 16

LDL, cholesterol;
atherosclerosis;
xanthomas, arcus

Question 17

hyperchylomicroneemia:

____ disorder, caused by defeciency in ____ or _____. see increased _____, ____, and _____

Answer 17

AR;
LPL, ApoCII;
chylomicrons, TGs, cholesterol

Question 18

chylomicronemia:

see ____ xanthomas, recurrent _____, hepatosplenomegaly

Answer 18

eruptive/pruritic;

pancreatitis

Question 19

tangier disease =
familial ____ deficiency;
see large yellow ____, increased risk CAD

Answer 19

HDL;

tonsils

Question 20

friedewald equation for LDL:

LDL =

Answer 20

total cholesterol - HDL - (TG/5)

Question 21

what does the framingham calculator predict?

Answer 21

chance of heart attack in next 10 years

Question 22

in a patient with 0-1 risk factor, therapy should be initiated when LDL is above:

what about one with CHD?

Answer 22

190 mg/dL;

130 mg/dL

Question 23

normal TG = less than ____

normal HDL = greater than _____

Answer 23

150, 50