Lecture 23

Question 1

Where does the spleen develop?

Answer 1

In the omentum

Question 2

What is the function of the gastrosplenic ligament?

Answer 2

Connects the spleen and the stomach together

Question 3

Briefly describe the two main portion of the spleen and what the function of the organ is:

Answer 3

Red pulp- blood storage and red cell recycling White pulp- involved in white blood cell production

Question 4

What is the approximate anatomical position of the spleen?

Answer 4

Spleen is located between the stomach and the kidney

Question 5

What is meant by the term hilus?

Answer 5

Refers to the combination of the splenic artery, vein and the gastro-splenic ligament

Question 6

Briefly describe the spleen characteristics of dogs, horse and pigs:

Answer 6

Has a bright red muscular capsule, the nature of the muscular capsule means it is fairly easy to penetrate explaining the greater length of the hilus in these species

Question 7

Describe the structure of the spleen that is found within cows and sheep:

Answer 7

Pale- much more difficult to penetrate hence the hilus is much shorter, also has a fibrous outer layer

Question 8

Briefly describe the blood supply of the spleen (name arterial and venial branches and where they anastomose):

Answer 8

Splenic artery (left gastroepiploic) Splenic vein (portal vein)

Question 9

Describe the splenic blood flow:

Answer 9

Splenic artery to the splenic cord to the splenic sinuses to the splenic vein to the portal vein

Question 10

What species has no gall bladder?

Answer 10

Horse

Question 11

Describe the pathway of bile into the bile duct and also out of the bile duct:

Answer 11

Bile first has to get into the gall bladder: Caniculi to the larger ducts to the hepatic ducts to the cystic ducts to the gall bladder. Leaving the gall bladder: cystic duct and then the bile duct

Question 12

Name each of the following structures: 1. Name vein 2. Name ligament, what it attached to, and the function of it 3. Name ligament and the two structures that it sits inbetween

Answer 12

1. Caudal vena cava 2. Coronary ligament- attaches to the diaphragm to prevent rotation 3. Falciform ligament- between quadrate 3 and the left median lobe

Question 13

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 13

Endocrine function: homeostasis, urea first pass absorption of ammonia in sinusoids from portal vein blood, glucose homeostasis- glucose is absorbed from the portal vein Exocrine: produce and secrete bile

Question 14

Describe the shape of the pancreas:

Answer 14

an L-shaped glandular organ with a diffuse lobular pattern,

Question 15

Describe the position of the pancreas:

Answer 15

Sits within the mesoduodenum

Question 16

What is the function of the pancreas?

Answer 16

Exocrine function (secreting digestive enzymes) Endocrine function (insulin, glucagon) - Pancreatic and bile ducts are close and drain into the duodenum