Lecture 1 Material Flashcards
What are the planes of the body in Anatomical Position? (Name all 3 and briefly define each)
1) Median (mid-sagittal) plane - slices the body into left and right portions
2) Frontal (coronal) plane - divides the body into front and back portions
3) Transverse plane - divides the body into upper and lower portions
Translate these terms in”medical language” we discussed in lecture into the common way we call these parts:
1) Brachial
2) Anti-brachial
3) Antecubital
4) Olectrenal
5) Pollex
6) Hallux
7) Dorsal
8) Coxal
9) Femoral
1) the arm
2) the forearm
3) the front of the elbow
4) the back of the elbow
5) the thumb
6) the big toe
7) back
8) hip
9) thigh
What are the 11 Directional terms discussed in Lecture and what do they mean?
1) Superior (cranal) - means “above”, opposite to inferior
2) Inferior (caudal) - means “below”, opposite to superior
3) Anterior (ventral) - means “front”
4) Posterior (dorsal) - means “back” (think of dorsal fin)
5) Medial - means “middle”
6) Lateral - means “side”
7) Intermediate - means between the medial and lateral structure
8) Proximal - means “close”
9) Distal - means “far”
10) Superficial - closer to the skin/the surface
11) Deep - away from the skin
a) What are the two MAIN body cavities
b) What “sub” cavities do each of these two cavities contain (what body organs do these “sub” cavities cover that are shown in the diagram on the lecture slides?)
a) Ventral cavity and Dorsal cavity
b) 1) Ventral cavity includes:
- Thoracic cavity (two pleural cavities containing the lungs and a pericardial cavity that contains the heart) Abdominal cavity (includes the digestive viscera) and Pelvic cavity (which contains the bladder, reproductive organs and rectum)
2) Dorsal cavity - contains the Cranial cavity (which contains the brain) and the Vertebral cavity (contains the spinal cord)
What do the 4 Abdominopelvic quadrants make up?
- The right upper quadrant is the liver
- The right lower quadrant is the appendix and small intestine
- The left upper quadrant is the diaphragm, spleen and stomach
- The left lower quadrant is the colon and bladder
What are the 4 Body Positions? Define each briefly.
1) Supine - on your back or the spine (haha get it, “su pine…spine…?”)
2) Prone - on your stomach
3) Right Lateral Recumbent - Recumbent means “lying down” so basically, lying down on your right side
4) Left Lateral Recumbent - lying down on your left side
What happens in Flexion and Extension?
Flexion involves two bones coming closer together, Extension means the two bones coming farther apart
Define Abduction, Adduction, and Circumduction
- ABduction is when the limb is moved AWAY from the midline
- ADduction is when the limb is ADDED to the midline
- Circumduction is circular rotational (but not a full circle)
Define Pronation, Supination, Dorsiflexion, Plantar Flexion, Inversion and Eversion
- Lying on your front, your stomach is Pronation (in the “Prone” position), Lying on your back is Supination (in “Supine” position)
- Dorsiflexion is moving your foot towards your shin (moving it up)
- Plantar flexion is moving your foot away from your shin (down) and extension of the ankle (think of it as “planting” your foot on the ground)
- Inversion is moving your foot inwards sideways, Eversion is moving your foot outwards sideways
Give an example of Protraction, Retraction, Elevation, Depression, and Opposition
- An example of Protraction is when you push your lower jaw (the mandible) forward and example for Retraction is when you pull the lower jaw backward
- An example of elevation is moving the the scapula or shoulders up and an example of depression is moving them down
- An example of Opposition is moving the tip of your thumb towards the tip of a finger
Which of the following describes a transverse plane?
A) Divides the body into front and back portions
B) Divides the body into left and right portions
C) Rotates the body medially
D) Divides the body into upper and lower portion
D) Divides the lower body into upper and lower portion
Which of the following terms correctly describes being more internal or further away from the
body surface?
A) Superficial
B) Proximal
C) Deep
D) Intermediate
C) Deep
When throwing a football using your dominant hand, which among the following list of agonistic and antagonistic motions in the sagittal plane are involved?
A) Pronation and supination
B) Adduction and abduction
C) Flexion and extension
D) Protraction and retraction
C) Flexion and extension
Which of the following exhibits a down motion away from the body
A) Circumduction
B) Inversion
C) Dorsi flexion
D) Plantar flexion
E) Eversion
D) Plantar flexion
Imagine your foot is planted on the ground while standing. You raise your toes closer to your shin while keeping your ankle on the ground in an upward motion. This is an example of which body movement?
A) Plantar flexion
B) Dorsiflexion
C) Inversion
D) Abduction
B) Dorsiflexion
