Lec 7 Cardiomyopathy Flashcards
1
Q
What is treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy?
A
- Na/H2O restriction [decrease fluid]
- diuretics
- nitrates
- ACE/ARB or hydralazine [decrease afterload]
- Beta blocker [decrease HR, contractility]
- inotropes [increase contractility]
- aldosterone antagonist [advanced HF]
2
Q
What are treatments for arrhythmias associated with dilated cardiomyopathy?
A
- amiodarone = K channel blocker, no evidence of reduced mortality in ventricular arrhythmia
- implantable defibrillator
- cardiac resynchronization therapy = better QOL
3
Q
What is prognosis of DCM?
A
1/3 improve spontaneously
other 2/3: 50% survival without cardiac transplant
4
Q
What are signs/symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
A
- S4
- systolic murmur increased with valsalva/standing
- sudden cardiac death
- angina
- dyspnea
5
Q
What do you see in HCM EKG?
A
- left ventricle hyperrophy
- LA enlargement
- Q waves and T wave inversion
- arrhythmia
6
Q
What do you isee in ECHO of HCM?
A
asymmetrical hypertrophy of LV septum
7
Q
What is treatment for HCM?
A
- beta blockers
- -> to decrease myocardial O2 demand, decrease LV outflow gradient in exercise
- Ca blocker: can use instead of BB
- diuretic: to prevent CHF
- amiodarone: for treatment of arrhyhtmia
- implantable defibrillator if high risk
8
Q
What is tropical endomyocardial fibrosis?
A
- fibrosis of ventricles and eosinophilia
- cause unknown
- diastolic dysfunction and eventual obliteration of LV –> death by CHF
9
Q
What are findings on chest xray of restrictive cardiomyopathy?
A
normal size heart signs of pulmonary congestion
