Lec 18 Mesozoic life Flashcards

test study

1
Q

What is the Mesozoic Era known as

A

Age of Dinosaurs

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2
Q

What was rate of recovery from Permian extinction

A

slow for many groups

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3
Q

What was mollusc recovery after extinction

A

re-adapted to changed environment and became more diverse

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4
Q

what is adaptive radiation?

A

diversification and spreading out of a species into different habitats

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5
Q

What happened to ammonoids after extinction?

A

radiated from 2 to 100 genres

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6
Q

What happen to bivalves, gastropods, and sea urchings after permian extinction

A

increased in diversity during mesozoic

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7
Q

What modern sea animal appeared?

A

modern reef building corals

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8
Q

What happened to marine invertebrates in mesozoic

A

increased in complexity

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9
Q

What invertebrate formed reefs beginning in Jurassic?

A

rudist bivalves (extinct ring shaped 2 shell)

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10
Q

what are foraminifera?

A

single celled plankton with chalky shell

very important for photosynthesis

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11
Q

what are ammonites and beleminites?

A

2 important marine cephalopods that exploded in Mesozoic

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12
Q

what happened to the few remaining mammal like therapsids at the beginning of the triassic

A

the became extinct

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13
Q

What diapsid reptiles dominated the triassic

A

dinosaurs

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14
Q

what animal most common terrestrial vertebrate of triassic?

A

dinosaurs

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15
Q

What do lepidosaurs and archosaurs together make?

A

the diapsids reptiles

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16
Q

Lepidosaurs make up what animals

A

lizards , and snakes

17
Q

What make up archosaurs?

A
  1. crocodyles 2. dinosaurs 3. birds 4. primitive diapsis
18
Q

When did Archosaur group first appear?

A

Triassic

19
Q

What four characteristics separate Archosaurs from other reptiles?

A
  1. upright feature (morphology) body shape/structure
  2. single skull opening
    a. antorbital finestra (opening in front of eye)
  3. finestra is a mandible ( open mouth)
  4. teeth compressed to the side
20
Q

what single characteristic separated archosaurs?

A

a single skull opening in front of the eyes

21
Q

What are the 5 orders of archosaurus? hint stop-c

A
  1. saurischia
  2. thechodonts
  3. ornithischia
  4. pterosaurs
  5. crocodylia
22
Q

What is the only surviving archosaur group?

A

crocodylia

23
Q

when did crocodylia first appear

A

late triassic

24
Q

which group of archosaurs was primitive triassic?

A

thecodonts

25
Q

which group was ancestor of dinosaur?

A

thecodont

26
Q

When did first true mammal appear?

A

early triassic

27
Q

Were mammals successful in mesozoic era?

A

no

28
Q

Which group was warm blooded endotherms?

A

mammals

29
Q

which group had advantage cold bloods (ectotherms) or warm bloods (endotherm) during mesozoic?

A

cold blooded

30
Q

What advantage did cold blood ectotherm have during mesozoic?

A

Lower food requirement huge advantage

could sleep a lot not look for food

31
Q

What 2 models proposed to explain rise of reptiles over mammals during mesozoic?

A
  1. climate change model

2. competition model

32
Q

What is of mesozoic climate change model to explain reptile advantage over dinosaurs?

A

hot arid dry climate advantage to reptiles

33
Q

Why hot dry climate advantage to reptiles and disadvantage to mammals?

A
  1. reptiles have lower food intake requirement
    a. helps if food source drying up
  2. scaly skin reduces water loss
34
Q

What problem with climate change model of mesozoic

A

Red Beds … do not form in dry climate

35
Q

what geologic formation found in mesozoic?

A

red beds

36
Q

What advantage did reptiles have in competition model of mesozoic that explains lack of success of mammals?

A

Bipedal (walked on two legs upright) of reptiles that progressively developed huge advantage in hunting prey? so remaining therapsids eaten

37
Q

when did bipedal posture develop in reptiles?

A

middle and late triassic

38
Q

What problem of competition model for explaining why reptiles over took mammal like therapsids to extinction?

A

carnivores causing the extinction of their prey does not follow ecological model … (because the hunter would starve themselves