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ANAT100 > Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Gel like padding at the end of the bones

A

Cartilage

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2
Q

Long short, flat, irregular(incl. sesamoid)

A

4 groups of bones

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3
Q

Framework, support, protection, movement, storage of minerals, red blood cell production

A

Functions of the skeletal system

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4
Q

Long bones

A

Bones that bear the weight of the body, covered in cartilage on the ends where they form joints

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5
Q

Short bones

A

Cube shape that allow for intricate movement

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6
Q

Flat bones

A

Protect underlying organs and produce blood cells

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7
Q

Irregular bones

A

All other bones, irregular shape,for intricate movements

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8
Q

Femur, humerus, radius and ulna, tibia and fibula

A

Long bones of the body

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9
Q

Bone structure - cartilage

A

Membrane that covers epiphyses

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10
Q

Bone - epiphyses

A

Ends of the bone/where on bone meets with another bone

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11
Q

Bone structure - diaphysis

A

The shaft of the bone

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12
Q

Bone structure - metaphysis

A

The growing part of the bone between the epiphyses and diaphysis

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13
Q

Bone structure - marrow

A

Substance that fills hollow centre of the bone

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14
Q

Bone structure - red marrow

A

Manufactures red blood cells

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15
Q

Where red marrow is found

A

Skull, sternum, vertebrae, hipbones and end of long bones

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16
Q

Yellow marrow

A

Mostly fat that is in the shafts of long bones

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17
Q

Bone structure - periosteum

A

Tough white membrane that covers the entire bone

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18
Q

Ball and socket, hinge, and pivot

A

3 types of joints

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19
Q

Ball and socket joint

A

Allows greatest movement (hip or shoulder)

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20
Q

Hinge joints

A

All movement in one direction only (elbow/knee)

21
Q

Pivot joints

A

Allow turning from side to side (skull to spine)

22
Q

Gliding joint

A

Side to side movements (spine and foot bone)

23
Q

Saddle joint

A

Opposing movements of the thumb

24
Q

Condyloid joint

A

Side to side and some rotation (wrist)

25
Q

Age-related changes

A

Loss of bone cells being created, loss of bone mass, shortening of vertebral column, loss of bone density

26
Q

Movement

A

What increases bone mass

27
Q

Continuously happening to bones

A

Forming and reabsorbing

28
Q

206

A

How many bones in body

29
Q

Skeletal, smooth, cardiac

A

3 types of muscles

30
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Voluntary muscle that forms the largest group

31
Q

Skeletal muscle function

A

These muscles allow us to move our body

32
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Involuntary muscle that controls the movement of the internal systems of the body

33
Q

Smooth muscle function

A

Allow digestion, respiratory, urination, uterine, and sphincters

34
Q

Isotonic

A

Same fluids NaCl in our body as administering fluids

35
Q

Muscles

A

Produce a lot of heat

36
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Involuntary muscle in the heart

37
Q

Cardiac muscle function

A

Contracts and relaxes to pump blood through the body

38
Q

Movement, heat generation, maintaining posture

A

Muscular system functions

39
Q

Excitability

A

Must be able to respond to stimulus

40
Q

Contractability

A

Must have the ability to shorten and tighten

41
Q

Extensibility

A

Must have the ability to stretch

42
Q

Elasticity

A

Must have the ability to regain original size and shape

43
Q

Toxicity

A

Must have the ability to maintain steady contraction

44
Q

Muscle atrophy

A

When muscles get smaller and weaker losing the ability to move

45
Q

Contracture

A

When muscles are not kept moving, the flexor muscles take over and place a limb in a constant bent position

46
Q

Flexor muscles

A

Muscles that make the arm bend

47
Q

Extensor muscles

A

Muscles that straighten the arm

48
Q

Paralysis

A

A nerve to a muscle is damage and cannot function

49
Q

Paralysis

A

A nerve to a muscle is damage and cannot function

ANAT100 (3 decks)

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