Learning Flashcards
Three Types of learning
Non-associative: changes in how we respond to stimulus
Associative learning: formation of connections and ability to draw connections between two things and make assumptions about future events based on past experiences
Observational learning: watching others
Associative learning
classical conditioning: occurs when different stimuli come to be associated with one another
Operant: learner is doing something/ avoiding due to consequences of that action
Unconditioned Stimulus
An innate meaning to an individual
Unconditioned response
Biological reaction
Conditioned Stimulus
An environmental event whose significance is learned
Conditioned response
Learned response
Acquisition
gradual formation of an association between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli
Extinction
Process where conditioned response is weakened when conditioned stimuli is repeatedly presented without UCS
Stimulus generalization
Occurs when stimuli that are similar to CS to produce the CR
Stimulus discrimination
Difference between two similar stimuli when only one is consistently associated with UCS. When a bell and whistle are rung but meat is brought out only after ringing the bell
Rescorld- Wagner Model
Strength of CS-US association is determined by the extent to which US is surprising
Reinforcer
A stimulus that occurs after a response and increases likelihood that the response will be repeated
Premack principle
“Relativity theory of reinforcement”
Higher probability can be used to reinforce lower probability behaviours
What makes reinforcer rewarding
Activation of dopamine receptors in the nucleus accumbens
Latent Learning
Edward Goldman argued that reinforcement had more of an impact on performance than learning
