Latin America Flashcards
What were the causes of the European Colonization of Latin America? (3)
God, Glory, Gold
What was the main reason for the Europeans’ success?
Technological advantages in weapons
What were the characteristics of the Colonial Social Structure?
Rigid, no mobility
What were the four categories in the Colonial social structure (lowest to highest)?
Africans/Natives, Mestizos, Creoles, Peninsulares
What is Mercantilism?
Economic system in Europe, nations seized colonies, used wealth to enrich Europe, colonies not allowed to trade with other nations
What is the encomienda system? How did it affect Latin America today?
Used by Spanish and Portuguese to govern colonies. Cash crop farming and mining are primary industries. Latin America now has a massive parity in wealth
What is the columbian exchange?
Exchange of plants and animals, diseases, agricultural products, and traditions
What were the causes of the Latin American Nationalist Movements
Spread of enlightened ideas, American and French revolutions, Napoleonic wars, dissatisfaction of creoles
What are the problems in the modern era (3)?
Uneven distribution of wealth, political instability, economic development
Who was Francois Toussaint-Louverture?
Leader of Haitian forces, former Slave but granted freedom, educated, military leader, helped Haiti achieve independence
How did Toussaint die?
Napoleon orders him to be shipped to France and starve to death in prison
Which countries did Simon Bolivar lead revolutions for, where was he from?
He was from Venezuela and led revolutions from there, Peru, Columbia, Ecuador, and Bolivia
Who was Simon bolivar?
Venezuelan creole, helped achieve independence for many Latin American counties
