Larynx

Question 1

Definition

Answer 1

specialized upper portion of respiratory system, at vertebral bodies C3-C6, connecting the pharynx to the trachea

Question 2

Function

Answer 2

1) Vocalization

2) Guards air passageway

Question 3

Boundaries - Aditus

Answer 3

The opening of larynx (entrance)

• Superior border of epiglottis = superior border
• Aryepigottic fold = lateral margin
• Interarytenoid fold = inferior/posterior border

Question 4

Boundaries - Cavity

Answer 4

Extends from aditus to laryngopharynx

• Vestibule = between aditus and vestibular folds
• Ventricle = between the folds
• Infraglottic Cavity = between vocal folds and cricoid cartilage (inferior border)

Question 5

Boundaries - Glottis

Answer 5

Vocal folds and slit between them

• Rima glottidis = aperture/slit (ventricle)
• Vestibular folds = false vocal cords, not involved in sound production, prevents liquid from entering lungs (thick folds of mucous membrane)
• Vocal folds = true vocal cords, vibrate to produce sound

Question 6

Unpaired Cartilages

Answer 6

1) Epiglottic
2) Thyroid
3) Cricoid

Question 7

Paired Cartilages

Answer 7

1) Cuneiform
2) Corniculate
3) Arytenoid

Question 8

Ligaments and Membranes

Answer 8

1) Thyrohyoid membrane
2) Thyrohyoid ligament
3) Cricothyroid membrane/ligament
4) Cricotracheal ligament

Question 9

Extrinsic Laryngeal Muscles - Infrahyoid

Answer 9

sternohyoid
sternothyroid
omohyoid
thyrohyoid

(all depressors except thyrohyoid)

Question 10

Extrinsic Laryngeal Muscles - Suprahyoid

Answer 10

mylohyoid
geniohyoid
stylohyoid
digastic

(elevators)

Question 11

Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles

Answer 11

• limited to larynx, inside

- tension adjusters of the vocal ligaments